Abstract: Asbestos tailing residue is a kind of absorption material with excellent pore structure，high pore volume and large specific surface area，which shows great potential in heavy metal and organic pollution governance． This paper，based on analysis of the composition，the mineral crystal structure，chemical groups and physic-chemical properties，summarized and analyzed the application of which on the governance of heavy metal pollution，pesticide pollution，pesticide release additives and so on，and discussed the practical problems in application． It is pointed out that the specific surface area and pore diameter of natural asbestos tail slag is relevantly small，and the structure of which is complex，the adsorption capacity is weaker，the function is not universal，emphasis should be put on acid /alkaline /intercalation modification on the natural asbestos tail residue in order to produce residue with higher performance; Suggestions were also given to further research on application of asbstos tailing residue on soil remediation