摘要:
厨余垃圾堆肥过程中NH3和H2S的排放不但降低了堆肥的养分含量,而且会引发严重的恶臭。以厨余垃圾为研究对象,以玉米秸秆为膨松剂,设置5%、10%、15%、20%(质量分数)4个添加比例(湿基)的堆肥处理,研究秸秆添加量对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H2S和NH3排放的影响。结果表明:从温度来看,仅T4处理未达到无害化和腐熟的要求。氧气不足是造成H2S排放的主要原因,4个堆肥处理的H2S主要集中在前2周排放,随着秸秆添加量的增加,H2S的排放量逐渐降低。与T1处理相比,T2、T3、T4的H2S累积排放量分别降低了35.5%、44.7%、64.2%。各处理NH3的排放趋势与H2S类似,高温期为NH3释放的关键时期,NH3累积释放量占总释放量的62.2%~72.2%,与T1处理相比,T2、T3和T4的NH3累积排放量分别降低了36.9%、45.2%、76.3%。由此可见,添加适量的玉米秸秆不但能促进厨余垃圾堆肥的进行,明显降低堆肥过程中H2S和NH3的排放,而且可以实现玉米秸秆的资源化利用。
关键词:
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厨余垃圾 /
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玉米秸秆 /
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堆肥 /
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H2 S /
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NH3
Abstract:
The reduction experiments of Bayer red mud were carried out by using precise reduction method． The indicator of
the experiment was the reduction rate of iron oxide． Its impact factors and changing scopes were that the average size of the red
mud particles of 1. 24 to 2. 43 m，gaseous reducing agent CO-H2 reduction temperature of 700 ～ 1 000 ℃ and the reduction
time of 2 ～ 4 h． The results showed that the effect of the reaction temperature on the reduction rate was significant，and other
factors were not; the optimal conditions for the reduction rate were fine grinding red mud particle average size of 1. 236 m，
gaseous reducing agent of H2，reduction temperature of 1 000 ℃，and reduction time of 4 h; under the optimal condition，the
reduction rate was higher than 99%; during the precise reduction process，no sintering appeared between particles，making it
possibile to separate the iron from other elements by physical method; the tailing could be taken as the desulfurization slag for
steel after the separation of iron．
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