Abstract: As a new type of oil sorbent，the oil sorption capacity of hydrophyte materials ( Eichhornia crassipes stem and leaf， Pistiastratiotes leaf) were compared with traditional vegetable sorbents ( rice straw，Hawaii nut shell and sugarcane bagasse) ． Surface characteristics，functional group properties，oil sorption capacity and superficial hydrophobicity of each material were studied． The results showed that: Hydrophyte materials had larger oil sorption capacity and their leaves were highly hydrophobic，thus they were ideal oil sorbents for in-situ treatment． Hydrophobicity of rice straw was comparatively weaker， but it was also a good oil sorbent． Eichhornia crassipes stem was highly hydrophilic，and as smaller buoyancy and weaker hydrophobicity，similar to Hawaii nut shell and sugarcane bagasse． In addition，it could adsorb hexane fast and be used as filler materials in oily wastewater treatment．