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摘要: 为探究草地开垦对土壤重金属的影响,以贵州喀斯特山区不同海拔梯度下的草地和由草地开垦的耕地为研究对象,采用内梅罗综合指数法和潜在生态危害指数评估草地和耕地中Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Hg、As 6种重金属的污染水平和生态风险。结果表明:研究区域土壤重金属Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Hg、As的含量均低于贵州省背景值;不同海拔、不同土地利用/覆被对不同重金属的含量变化影响存在差异;土壤中Cr的含量与Cd和Ni的含量呈极显著正相关(P<0. 01),Pb含量与Cd和Cr含量呈显著正相关,与Hg含量呈显著负相关(P<0. 05);低海拔地区草地和耕地未受重金属污染;在中、高海拔地区草地重金属污染水平均为轻污染,耕地重金属污染水平均为中污染,草地开垦为耕地后污染加重,Cd是主要的重金属污染物;各海拔草地和耕地均为轻度生态风险;海拔、土地利用/覆被是影响土壤重金属含量分布的主要因素。
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