Abstract: Waste to Energy (WtE) technology has been rapidly applied in China, with the incineration amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) reaching 102 million tons in 2018, accounting for 45% of the total harmless amount. The MSW disposal pattern of "mainly incinerated, lastly landfill" will soon be formed in China, and it will also continue to develop from "energy recovery" to "resource recovery". WtE industry has not only increased in the scale, but also has undergone profound changes in incineration technology, flue gas clean systems and market competition. China’s WtE industry still has many technical shortage and development bottlenecks, and faces new challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. WtE enterprises and all the participants involved WtE industries should explore the application and profit model of WtE in small and medium-sized cities (<500, 000 population), respond to the needs of landfill mining and incineration disposal, quickly develop the harmless disposal and resource utilization of fly ash; improve technology and management through increasing efficiency of power generation, reducing ratio of power consumption by the plant itself, strengthen the concept of "Good Neighborhood"; actively deploy the international market, attach the interaction with scientific research institutes in universities, and promote technological innovation and technology application.