城市空间结构对PM<sub>2.5</sub>浓度分布的影响

张智璇; 单宝艳; 林琪凯; 陈艳秋; 于新伟; 朱敏

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202109013

城市空间结构对PM_2.5浓度分布的影响

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202109013

1. 山东建筑大学测绘地理信息学院, 济南 250101;
2. 山东省济南生态环境监测中心, 济南 250100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（51608309）；教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目（12YJA790019）。

详细信息

作者简介:
张智璇(1997-),女,硕士,主要研究方向为3S技术在城市建设及其管理中的应用。ycssch8023@163.com

通讯作者:
单宝艳(1970-),男,教授,主要研究方向为GIS空间分析与区域规划。shan7066@sdjzu.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 156
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 9
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-05
- 网络出版日期: 2022-01-21

INFLUENCE OF URBAN SPATIAL STRUCTURE ON PM_2.5 CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION

1. School of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China;
2. Jinan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province, Jinan 250100, China

摘要

摘要: 城市空间结构影响空气流通等微环境，必然对PM_2.5分布和扩散产生影响，研究两者关系对城市规划和建设具有积极意义。基于建筑构建城市空间结构指标体系，采用克里金插值等方法研究济南市中心城区PM_2.5浓度的空间格局，运用相关分析方法基于全域和不同高程视角探究城市空间结构对PM_2.5分布的影响。结果表明：1）DEM平均值、建筑绝对高度平均值、户外活动面积与PM_2.5浓度呈负相关，建筑绝对高度最大值、建筑基底面积总和、建筑密度、占空比、建筑体积总和与PM_2.5浓度呈正相关。这些指标是影响PM_2.5分布的重要因素，城市规划布局时应重点考虑。2）不同高程和时间范围，PM_2.5分布存在时空差异。PM_2.5浓度越高，城市空间结构指标对其浓度分布的影响越明显。PM_2.5浓度空间分布的变异系数越大，PM_2.5浓度与各城市结构指标相关性越弱。3）地形高程是影响PM_2.5分布的重要因素，随着平均高程增加，城市空间结构指标与PM_2.5浓度呈显著相关的月份数量增加，且规律性更强。
- 城市空间结构 /
- PM_2.5浓度 /
- 相关分析 /
- 克里金插值 /
- 时空差异
Abstract: The urban spatial structure affects the microenvironment such as air circulation, which inevitably has an impact on PM_2.5 distribution and dispersion. Studying the relationship between the two has positive significance for urban planning and construction. Based on the construction of the urban spatial structure indicators system, the spatial pattern of PM_2.5 concentrations in the central city of Jinan was studied using methods of kriging interpolation, and the influence of urban spatial structure on PM_2.5 distribution was investigated based on the whole area and different elevation perspectives using correlation analysis methods. The results showed that:1) PM_2.5 concentration was negatively correlated with the average and standard deviation of DEM, the average and standard deviation of absolute building height, and outdoor activity area, and positively correlated with the maximum absolute building height, the sum of building floor area, building density, occupancy ratio, and the sum of building volume. These indicators were important factors affecting the distribution of PM_2.5 and should be considered in urban planning and layout. 2) there were spatial and temporal differences in PM_2.5 distribution at different elevations and time ranges. the higher the PM_2.5 concentration, the more obvious the influence of urban spatial structure indicators on its concentration distribution, the coefficient of variation of PM_2.5 concentration spatial distribution increased, and the correlation between PM_2.5 concentration and each urban structure indicator became weaker. 3) topographic elevation was an important factor influencing the distribution of PM_2.5. As the average elevation increased, the number of months with significant correlation between urban spatial structure indicators and PM_2.5 concentrations increased, and the regularity got stronger.
- urban spatial structure /
- PM_2.5 concentration /
- correlation analysis /
- kriging interpolation /
- spatial-temporal differences

HTML全文

参考文献(30)

[1]	葛跃,王明新,孙向武,等.基于增强回归树的城市PM_2.5日均值变化分析:以常州为例[J].环境科学,2017,38(2):485-494.
[2]	李名升,任晓霞,于洋,等.中国大陆城市PM_2.5污染时空分布规律[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(3):641-650.
[3]	陈凡涛,赵文吉,晏星,等.不对称街谷内PM_2.5浓度垂直分布特征及成因[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(3):321-327.
[4]	张纯,张世秋.大都市圈的城市形态与空气质量研究综述:关系识别和分析框架[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(9):47-53.
[5]	FANG Y Q,QU L Y.Study on the correlation between urban form and air quality[J].Modern Urban Research,2018,8:88-94.
[6]	尹杰,刘春霞,李月臣,等.重庆市主城区冬季PM_2.5空间分布模拟[J].环境污染与防治,2018,40(12):1352-1358.
[7]	牛慧敏,涂建军,姚作林,等.中国城市空气质量时空分布特征[J].河南科学,2016,34(8):1317-1321.
[8]	LI X B,LU Q C,LU S J,et al.The impacts of roadside vegetation barriers on the dispersion of gaseous traffic pollution in urban street canyons[J].Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,2016,17:80-91.
[9]	王蕾,关燕宁,郭杉,等.城市地表要素的地表能量响应特征及其关系研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(12):1684-1697.
[10]	邹佳乐,林尧林,杨薇.中国近年PM_2.5污染研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2019,41(3):357-366.
[11]	别淑君,杨凌霄,高颖,等.济南市背景区域大气PM_2.5污染特征及其对能见度的影响[J].环境科学,2019(9):3868-3878.
[12]	YAN D,LEI Y,SHI Y,et al.Evolution of the spatiotemporal pattern of PM_2.5 concentrations in China:a case study from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J].Atmospheric Environment,2018,183(6):225-233.
[13]	李茜,宋金平,张建辉,等.中国城市化对环境空气质量影响的演化规律研究[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(9):2402-2411.
[14]	秦蒙,刘修岩,仝怡婷.蔓延的城市空间是否加重了雾霾污染:来自中国PM_2.5数据的经验分析[J].财贸经济,2016,37(11):146-160.
[15]	宋彦,钟邵鹏,章征涛,等.城市空间结构对PM_2.5的影响:美国夏洛特汽车排放评估项目的借鉴和启示[J].城市规划,2014,38(5):9-14.
[16]	LU C,LIU Y.Effects of China's urban form on urban air quality[J].Urban Studies,2016,53(12):2607-2623.
[17]	欧维新,张振,陶宇.长三角城市土地利用格局与PM_2.5浓度的多尺度关联分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2019(7):11-18.
[18]	MCCARTY,JOSHUA,KAZA,et al.Urban form and air quality in the United States[J].Landscape & Urban Planning,2015,139:168-179.
[19]	岳小智,尹海伟,孔繁花,等.基于ENVI-met的绿地布局模式对微气候的影响研究:以南京市居住小区为例[J].江苏城市规划,2018,280(3):36-42.
[20]	龚珍,胡友健,黎华.城市水体空间分布与地表温度之间的关系研究[J].测绘通报,2015(12):34-36.
[21]	GAUR A,EICHENBAUM M K,SIMONOVIC S P.Analysis and modeling of surface Urban Heat Island in 20 Canadian cities under climate and land-cover change[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,206(15):145-157.
[22]	胡杰,黄经南,黄瑾,等.多中心城市空间结构与家庭碳排放关系研究[J].规划师,2014(11):87-92.
[23]	葛亚宁,徐新良,李静,等.北京城市建筑密度分布对热岛效应的影响研究[J].地球信息科学学报,2016,18(12):1698-1706.
[24]	陈吉科.顾及三维空间信息的城市地表热环境研究:以南京市主城区为例[J].地理与地理信息科学,2019,35(1):126.
[25]	乔治,黄宁钰,徐新良,等.2003-2017年北京市地表热力景观时空分异特征及演变规律[J].地理学报,2019,74(3):475-489.
[26]	周伟奇,田韫钰.城市三维空间形态的热环境效应研究进展[J].生态学报,2020,40(2):416-427.
[27]	BERGER C,ROSENTRETER J,VOLTERSEN M,et al.Spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between 2D/3D urban site characteristics and land surface temperature[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2017,193:225-243.
[28]	阚丽艳.上海市城市林荫道空间结构对NO_x和SO₂空间分布特征的影响[J].环境科学研究,2020,33(1):18-26.
[29]	LIANG D,WANG Y Q,WANG Y J,et al.National air pollution distribution in China and related geographic,gaseous pollutant,and socio-economic factors[J].Environmental Pollution,2019,250(7):998-1009.
[30]	冯悦怡,胡潭高,张力小.城市公园景观空间结构对其热环境效应的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3179-3187.