APPLICATION OF STABILIZERS IN IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION PERFORMANCE OF NANOMATERIALS AND THEIR COMPOSITES
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摘要: 与传统的环境修复技术相比,表面效应、体积效应、量子尺寸和宏观量子隧道效应赋予了纳米材料巨大的比表面积、超强的吸附、催化和螯合能力,使得纳米材料不仅克服了传统修复技术的缺点,还表现出极高的修复效率,已被广泛应用于环境污染修复中,如纳米零价铁(nZVI)、纳米TiO2、纳米氧化铁、纳米硫化镍、纳米硫化铁以及碳纳米管等。但纳米材料易团聚、稳定性差等缺点限制了其在环境污染修复中的应用。目前,很多学者通过添加稳定剂来提高纳米材料及其复合材料的性能,主要包括表面活性剂改性、高分子化合物改性和乳化油包覆。不同类型稳定剂对纳米材料性质及其环境修复效能的影响和机制不同,然而,目前尚未见到系统地对稳定剂在纳米材料环境修复性能中应用进展的综述。因此从稳定剂的类别、性质及其添加到材料中与纳米材料及其复合材料之间的协同作用展开,论述稳定剂在提高纳米材料及其复合材料环境修复性能中的应用,并进一步提出稳定剂在提高纳米材料修复环境污染方面的研究重点,为纳米材料的应用提供理论支撑。Abstract: Nanomaterials is a new material that uses nanotechnology to transform the structure of nanomaterials. With great specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, and low cost, nanomaterials and modified nanocomposites have been widely applied in environmental remediation. However, due to its shortcomings such as easy agglomeration and poor stability, its application in environmental pollution remediation is limited. At present, many researches have added stabilizers to improve the performance of nanomaterials and their composite materials. However, no systematic review was reported on the application of stabilizers in the improvement of nanomaterials. Therefore, this article reviewed the types, characterization of stabilizers, and the synergy between stabilizers and nanomaterials. At last, key points and research directions on stabilized-nanomaterial were proposed.
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Key words:
- stabilizers /
- nanomaterials /
- nanocomposite materials /
- environmental remediation /
- mechanisms
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