MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND RECLAMATION IN CHINA:APPLICATION AND CHALLENGES
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摘要: 膜技术在中国水务行业已推广应用多年,在消除水污染、缓解水资源短缺等方面起到重要作用。调研和回顾了膜技术在中国市政污水处理与再生中的工程应用,并重点分析了膜生物反应器的发展历程和特点。技术-经济特性显示,在污染物去除和成本-效益分析方面,膜生物反应器较传统活性污泥法均具有一定优势。此外,总结了膜技术在水务行业推广受到的环境、政策、市场三方面的推动力,并对"双碳"目标下膜技术在高效材料、先进技术、智能运行和低碳系统等方面的后续研发进行了展望。Abstract: Membrane technologies have been applied in Chinese water sector for decades, playing a significant role in eliminating water pollution and alleviating water scarcity. This paper surveyed the full-scale applications of membrane technologies for municipal wastewater treatment and reclamation in China, and emphatically analyzed the development characteristics of membrane bioreactor. The techno-economic features of membrane bioreactor showed advantages to conventional activated sludge process regarding pollutant removal and cost-benefit analysis. Moreover, this review summarized the joint-forces from environment, policy and market which had been driving membrane technologies' application in water sector, and presented the perspectives on efficient and effective materials, advanced technologies, intelligent operation and low-carbon systems in China, in effort to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060.
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