改性椰壳炭钝化修复农田土壤镉、铅的长期稳定化效果及生态风险评估

毛欣宇; 于怀志; 翟森茂; 姜小三; 徐洲; 王琪琳

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202204020

改性椰壳炭钝化修复农田土壤镉、铅的长期稳定化效果及生态风险评估

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202204020

1. 河海大学农业科学与工程学院, 南京 211000;
2. 南京农业大学泰州研究院, 江苏泰州 225300

基金项目:

泰州市科技支撑计划(农业)项目(SNY20208551)

中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2019B08514)

国家自然科学基金青年项目(51809076)

泰州市级财政专项资金项目(20201301)

详细信息

通讯作者:
毛欣宇(1988-),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为农业水土环境修复与保护。mxy880731@163.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 117
- HTML全文浏览量: 16
- PDF下载量: 4
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-07-25
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-06

LONG-TERM STABILIZATION EFFECT AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF SOIL CADMIUM AND LEAD BY USING MODIFIED COCONUT SHELL BIOCHAR

1. College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211000, China;
2. College of Taizhou Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Taizhou 225300, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究改性椰壳炭钝化修复土壤中镉、铅的长期效果及生态风险,采取硝酸-高锰酸钾改性方法优化椰壳炭表征,通过设置不同改性椰壳炭用量,探究其对土壤中镉、铅生物有效性的长期影响,结合土壤-农产品综合质量影响指数评价结果,最终验证其场地应用的可行性。结果表明:改性椰壳炭可显著提高土壤镉、铅的稳定性,当用量>20 g/kg时,钝化培养12周,土壤中镉、铅以残渣态为主,固定率较对照组分别提高了8%~23%和11%~24%。钝化培养15~18周,土壤镉、铅有效态含量均低于安全阈值,且种植蔬菜未检测到重金属超标,不存在生态风险。采用改性椰壳炭进行土壤重金属场地修复具有一定应用价值。
- 改性生物炭 /
- 镉 /
- 铅 /
- 长期钝化效果 /
- 生态风险评估
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in farmland soil attracted broad attention in China due to its harm to human health and ecological environment. In order to explore the feasibility of biochar on remediating soil heavy metals in pilot-scale, the long-term stabilization effect and ecological risk of soil cadmium and lead was studied by using the nitric acid and potassium permanganate modified coconut shell biochar. With application of different dosages of biochar, the long-term variation of soil cadmium and lead bioavailability was discussed, in combination with the results of soil-agricultural product comprehensive quality impact index, to evaluate the possible ecological risk after the remediation. The results showed that the modified biochar could significantly improve the stability of soil cadmium and lead. When the applied amount of modified bichar was higher than 20 g/kg, soil cadmium and lead were mainly in residual fraction after 12 weeks and the immobilization rates were increased by 8%~23% and 11%~24%, respectively, compared with the control group. After 15~18 weeks’ remediation, the contents of bioavailable cadmium and lead in soil were maintained within the safety threshold, and no excessive metals were detected in the planted vegetables. This study indicated that it might be desirable to use modified coconut shell biochar for large-scale remediation of soil heavy metals.
- modified biochar /
- cadmium /
- lead /
- long-term stabilization effect /
- ecological risk assessment

HTML全文

参考文献(32)

[1]	纪文贵,王珂,蒙建波,等.中国土壤重金属污染状况及其风险评价[J].农业研究与应用,2020,33(5):22-28.
[2]	周江明.中国耕地重金属污染现状及其人为污染源浅析[J].中国土壤与肥料, 2020(2):83-92.
[3]	陈世宝,王萌,李杉杉,等.中国农田土壤重金属污染防治现状与问题思考[J].地学前缘,2019,26(6):35-41.
[4]	林小兵,武琳,王惠明,等.不同功能区蔬菜地土壤重金属污染特征及其风险评价[J].生态环境学报, 2020, 29(11):2296-2306.
[5]	XIANG M T, LI Y, YANG J Y, et al. Heavy metal contamination risk assessment and correlation analysis of heavy metal contents in soil and crops[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 278:116911.
[6]	胡永兴,宿虎,张斌,等.土壤重金属污染及其评价方法概述[J].江苏农业科学, 2020, 48(17):33-39.
[7]	WU Q M, HU W Y, WANG H F, et al. Spatial distribution, ecological risk and sources of heavy metals in soils from a typical economic development area, Southeastern China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 780:146557.
[8]	郑凯旋,刘祎丹,王洋洋.改性生物炭修复土壤重金属污染的研究进展[J].当代化工研究,2020(17):110-111.
[9]	LIU H K, XU F, XIE Y L, et al. Effect of modified coconut shell biochar on availability of heavy metals and biochemical characteristics of soil in multiple heavy metals contaminated soil[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 645:702-709.
[10]	GHOLIZADEH M, HUA X. Removal of heavy metals from soil with biochar composite:a critical review of the mechanism[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021, 9(5):105830.
[11]	陈昱,钱云,梁媛,等.生物炭对Cd污染土壤的修复效果与机理[J].环境工程学报, 2017, 11(4):2528-2534.
[12]	张学庆,费宇红,田夏,等.磷改性生物炭对Pb、Cd复合污染土壤的钝化效果[J].环境污染与防治, 2017, 39(9):1017-1020.
[13]	JIA M Y, YU J P, LI Z,et al. Effects of biochar on the migration and transformation of metal species in a highly acid soil contaminated with multiple metals and leached with solutions of different pH[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 278:130344.
[14]	杨艳琴.市政污泥与农林废弃物共热解制备生物炭及其对土壤中重金属迁移转化的影响[D].无锡:江南大学,2020.
[15]	WANG J, SHI L, ZHAI L L, et al. Analysis of the long-term effectiveness of biochar immobilization remediation on heavy metal contaminated soil and the potential environmental factors weakening the remediation effect:a review[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2021, 207:111261.
[16]	单志军.典型水稻土中镉钝化效果的稳定性研究[D].北京:中国农业科学院, 2020.
[17]	黄迪,黄志红,孔辉,等.重金属污染农田土壤的稳定化修复技术及其修复实践研究[J].中国农学通报, 2021, 37(8):72-78.
[18]	XING J, XU G R, LI G B. Comparison of pyrolysis process, various fractions and potential soil applications between sewage sludge-based biochars and lignocellulose-based biochars[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2021,208:111756.
[19]	贾佳瑜,刘小芳,赵勇钢,等.汾河流域下游农田土壤重金属空间分布特征与污染评价[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2021, 35(8):132-137.
[20]	王立婷,刘仁志.土壤污染风险评价研究进展[J].中国环境管理, 2020, 12(2):62-68.
[21]	YANG Q Q, LI Z Y, LU X N, et al. A review of soil heavy metal pollution from industrial and agricultural regions in China:pollution and risk assessment[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 642:690-700.
[22]	康春景,魏长雨,高轩,等.土壤重金属污染修复及效果评价研究进展[J].中国金属通报, 2019, 11:152-153,155.
[23]	YUAN X H, XUE N D, HAN Z G. A meta-analysis of heavy metals pollution in farmland and urban soils in China over the past 20 years[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2021, 101:217-226.
[24]	谢桃园,高玉文,谭林,等.土壤重金属空间特征及潜在生态风险评价:以西南某典型毒重石成矿区为例[J].环境生态学, 2021, 3(7):17-23.
[25]	鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[26]	QURESHI A, KAZI T G, BAIG J A, et al. Exposure of heavy metals in coal gangue soil, in and outside the mining area using BCR conventional and vortex assisted and single step extraction methods. Impact on orchard grass[J]. Chemosphere, 255:126960.
[27]	陈静,黄明.生物沥滤污泥重金属污染的潜在生物毒性评价[J].新疆环境保护, 2012, 34(2):20-24.
[28]	王玉军,刘存,周东美,等.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报, 2016, 35(7):1225-1232.
[29]	崔菲菲.改性前后生物炭对煤矿废弃地Cd、Pb污染的影响[D].太原:太原理工大学,2020.
[30]	GAO R L, HU H Q, FU Q L, et al. Remediation of Pb, Cd, and Cu contaminated soil by co-pyrolysis biochar derived from rape straw and orthophosphate:speciation transformation, risk evaluation and mechanism inquiry[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 730:139119.
[31]	王垚,胡洋,马友华,等.生物炭对镉污染土壤有效态镉及土壤酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报, 2020, 51(4):979-985.
[32]	SUN T, XU Y M, SUN Y B, et al. Cd immobilization and soil quality under Fe-modified biochar in weakly alkaline soil[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 280:130606.