黄河三角洲湿地淡水恢复区重金属分布特征及潜在风险

陈雪娟; 高放; 王青; 庞博; 谢毅梁; 崔保山; 岳修鹏; 宋建彬

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202301028

黄河三角洲湿地淡水恢复区重金属分布特征及潜在风险

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202301028

1. 北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875;
2. 山东黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区管理委员会, 山东东营 257091

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重点项目（U2243208，U1901212）；国家自然科学青年基金（42107057）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈雪娟(1999-),女,硕士,主要从事湿地水文连通研究。Chenxuejuan7236780@163.com

通讯作者:
崔保山(1967-),男,教授,博士生导师,研究领域为湿地生态过程与环境响应。cuibs@bnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-05
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-23

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND POTENTIAL RISK OF HEAVY METALS IN WETLAND FRESHWATER RESTORATION AREA OF THE YELLOW RIVER DELTA

1. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Shandong Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve Administration Committee, Dongying 257091, China

摘要

摘要: 为评估黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区湿地淡水恢复工程的重金属生态恢复效果，对研究区表层沉积物重金属（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Hg）进行监测，并开展了空间分布特征分析、生态风险评估和溯源分析。结果表明：恢复区表层沉积物中As、Cd、Cr、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为10.22，0.17，40.78，17.75，18.12 mg/kg，Hg未检出。恢复区重金属的RI值<60，呈低生态风险；Cd的E_r值为30~60，是主要的潜在生态风险因子。各类恢复湿地生境潜在风险差异显著，其中南部藨草区风险最低，北部生态岛最高。与未恢复区相比，恢复区内重金属含量的空间差异性及聚集效应减弱，且生态风险明显降低，表明恢复工程实施后，湿地水文功能的提升有助于降低重金属的生态风险。此外，沉积物中As、Cd、Cr、Cu和Pb具有高度同源性，其潜在来源主要是油田开采及工农业活动排放污染物。该研究结果可为黄河三角洲生态修复及重金属风险防控提供参考。
- 黄河三角洲 /
- 淡水恢复区 /
- 表层沉积物 /
- 重金属分布 /
- 生态风险
Abstract: To evaluate the ecological restoration effect of heavy metals in the wetland freshwater restoration project of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, the heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Hg) in the surface sediments of the study area were monitored, and the spatial distribution characteristics, ecological risks and potential sources were analyzed. The results showed that the average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb in surface sediments of the restored area were 10.22, 0.17, 40.78, 17.75, 18.12 mg/kg, and Hg was not detected. The RI value of heavy metals in the restored area was lower than 60, indicating low ecological risk; and the E_r value of Cd was mainly between 30 and 60, which was the main potential ecological risk factor. The potential risk of each type of restored wetland habitat varied significantly, with the lowest risk in the southern cassis and the highest in the northern ecological island. Compared with the unrestored area, the spatial variability and aggregation effect of heavy metal content in the restoration area was reduced, and the environmental risk was significantly lower, indicating that after the implementation of the restoration project, the improvement of wetland hydrological function would help reduce the ecological risks of heavy metals. In addition, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb were highly homologous in the sediments, and their potential sources were mainly pollutants discharged from oilfield exploitation and industrial and agricultural activities. The study results could provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration and heavy metal risk prevention and control in the Yellow River Delta.
- Yellow River Delta /
- freshwater restoration area /
- surface sediments /
- distribution of heavy metals /
- ecological risk

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