萤石型铅锌尾矿渣的基质改良与矿山修复应用

张东; 龙军; 杨微; 李龙; 陈仁朋

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202302021

萤石型铅锌尾矿渣的基质改良与矿山修复应用

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202302021

张东¹,
龙军²,
杨微^1,3,4, ,,
李龙²,
陈仁朋^1,3,4

1. 湖南大学土木工程学院, 长沙 410082;
2. 湖南沿湖建设工程有限公司, 湖南岳阳 414000;
3. 湖南大学建筑安全与节能教育部重点实验室, 长沙 410082;
4. 湖南大学地下空间开发先进技术研究中心, 长沙 410082

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目(51938005,52090082)

湖南省科技计划项目(2019RS1030)

详细信息

作者简介:
张东 (1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为矿山复垦。zhangdong960@hnu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
杨微(1986-),女,副教授,主要研究方向为矿山生态修复和重金属污染防渗处置。yangwei86@hnu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-23
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-01

SUBSTRATE AMELIORATION OF FLUORITE-TYPE LEAD-ZINC TAILINGS AND ITS APPLICATION IN MINE RESTORATION

ZHANG Dong¹,
LONG Jun²,
YANG Wei^{1,3,4
, ,},
LI Long²,
CHEN Renpeng^1,3,4

1. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
2. Hunan Yanhu Construction Engineering Co., Ltd, Yueyang 414000, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency of Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
4. Research Center for Advanced Underground Space Technologies of Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

摘要

摘要: 以湖南郴州萤石型铅锌矿山建设中产生巨大量级尾矿渣的处置及排土场为研究对象,通过土壤障碍因子鉴别法确定尾矿渣理化性质的缺陷,再采用生化黄腐酸(BFA)、磷酸二氢铵、沸石和有机肥开展相应性能的改性研究,并以改良后的尾矿渣基质作为种植土壤,利用盆栽试验结合中试研究评估改良剂协同植物对尾矿渣的修复效果,提出基于尾矿渣原位基质改良及直接植被的生态修复方法。结果表明:当BFA、磷酸二氢铵、沸石和有机肥的添加量分别为0.5%、0.4%、2%和15%时,尾矿渣的pH值和干密度分别降低25.8%和77.6%,非毛管孔隙度、有机质、水解性氮和有效磷含量分别提升1.49,26.7,9.3,20.9倍。盆栽试验和中试结果表明:牛筋草对氟化物和重金属铅锌的富集与转运能力综合最优;波斯菊是综合富集能力最优的植物,对铅、锌和氟的富集量分别为267.2,432.8,513.2 mg/kg;籽粒苋是综合转运能力最优的植物,对铅、锌和氟的转运系数分别为0.485、1.208、1.810。为达到萤石型铅锌矿山的复垦效果,建议同时种植牛筋草、波斯菊和籽粒苋。
- 土壤改良 /
- 矿山复垦 /
- 植物修复 /
- 氟化物 /
- 重金属
Abstract: Taking the disposal of huge-scale tailing slag generated in the construction of a fluorite lead-zinc mine in Chenzhou, Hunan province and greening of the dump as the research object, the physical and chemical defects of tailing slag were clarified by soil obstacle factor identification firstly. Then, biochemical fulvic acid (BFA), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, zeolite and organic fertilizer were used to modify the corresponding properties. After that, a modified tailing matrix was used as the planting soil. Furthermore, a pot experiment in an artificial climate incubator combined with a pilot test in mine was used to evaluate the remediation effect of modifier and plant on tailing slag, and an ecological restoration method based on in-situ matrix improvement and direct vegetation of tailing was proposed eventually. The results showed that when the addition amount of BFA, ammonium dihydragen phosphace, zeolite and organic fertilizer was 0.5%, 0.4%, 2% and 15% respectively, the pH value and dry density of tailings decreased by 25.8% and 77.6% respectively, and non-capillary porosity, organic matter content, hydrolytic nitrogen content and available phosphorus content of tailings improved by 1.49 times, 26.7 times, 9.3 times and 20.9 times, respectively. The results of pot experiment and field pilot test showed that the comprehensive enrichment and transport ability of Eleusine indica to fluoride, lead and zinc, was the highest; Cosmos bipinnata had the best comprehensive accumulation capacity, and the enrichment amounts of lead, zinc and fluorine were 267.2 mg/kg, 432.8 mg/kg and 513.2 mg/kg, respectively; Amaranthus hybridus was the selected plant with the transport coefficients of lead, zinc and fluorine of 0.485, 1.208 and 1.810, respectively. In order to achieve the reclamation effect of fluorite lead-zinc mine, it is necessary to plant Eleusine indica, Cosmos bipinnata and Amaranthus hybridus simultaneously.
- soil improvement /
- mined land reclamation /
- phytoremediation /
- fluoride /
- heavy metal

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