焚烧发电厂储池垃圾堆酵过程有机物矿化的作用机制

陈正瑞; 张适; 肖梦媛; 尹琳琳; 董建锴; 张军; 王树涛

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202305013

焚烧发电厂储池垃圾堆酵过程有机物矿化的作用机制

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202305013

1. 哈尔滨工业大学环境学院, 哈尔滨 150090;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150090

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100300)

详细信息

作者简介:
陈正瑞(1999-),男,硕士研究生在读,主要研究方向为固体废弃物处理与资源化技术。2512396016@qq.com

通讯作者:
张军(1983-),男,副教授,主要研究方向为有机固废深度处理与资源回收。hitsunyboy@126.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-06

MINERALIZATION MECHANISM OF ORGANIC MATTER IN THE PROCESS OF HEAP FERMENTATION IN A WASTE STORAGE PIT OF AN INCINERATION POWER PLANT

1. School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China;
2. School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin 150090, China

摘要

摘要: 垃圾入炉焚烧前在储池中的堆酵过程,其含水率和有机物含量可能发生重要变化,而垃圾含水率和有机物含量是决定垃圾焚烧发电效率的关键因素,且二者受温度变化的影响较为显著。为研究在不同温度下垃圾堆酵过程中含水率的变化及有机物的矿化作用机制,对储池垃圾在6个发酵温度(10,15,20,30,40,50 ℃)下,0~10 d的堆酵过程内有机物的矿化程度进行探究,并通过微生物测序对堆酵过程优势微生物及微生物群落进行研究。结果表明:在中高温条件下,垃圾固体及渗滤液的矿化程度在第3~6天达到较高水平,垃圾储池堆酵温度和时间控制在15~20 ℃,堆酵3~6 d为宜。垃圾堆酵过程优势菌群主要为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线杆菌门(Actinobacteriota),其相对丰度分别为59.99%~98.75%、0.51%~30.67%、0.11%~8.95%。在属水平分类上,Pediococcus、Lactiplantibacillus、Levilactobacillus、Latilactobacillus、Limosilactobacillus、Companilactobacillus、Acetobacter属是发酵过程中的优势菌属。优势菌群在堆酵过程中发挥着垃圾生物降解、有机物矿化及水解酸化等作用。在发酵温度15~20 ℃下,可投加一定量的厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)微生物菌剂以提高堆酵效果,提高垃圾焚烧发电的效率。
- 焚烧发电 /
- 垃圾储池 /
- 有机物 /
- 矿化作用 /
- 微生物菌群
Abstract: The fermentation process in the storage pit before waste incineration have an important impact on the moisture content and organic content of waste. The moisture content and organic content of waste are the key factors that determine the efficiency of waste incineration power generation, and they are obviously affected by temperature changes. In order to study the mineralization mechanism, the mineralization degree of organic matter in the heap fermentation process of storage tank garbage at six fermentation temperatures (10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 ℃) in 0~10 day was explored, and the dominant microorganisms and microbial communities in the heap fermentation process were studied by microbial sequencing. The results showed that under medium and high temperature conditions, the mineralization degree of solid waste and leachate by microorganisms reached a high level in the third to sixth days, and heap fermentation temperature in the waste storage pool were controlled at 15~20 ℃. The dominant bacteria in the process of garbage heap fermentation were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, with relative abundances of 59.99% to 98.75%, 0.51% to 30.67% and 0.11% to 8.95%, respectively. In terms of genus level classification, Pediococcus, Latiplantibacillus, Levilactobacillus, Latilactobacillus, Limosilactobacillus, Companion Lactobacillus, Acetobacter, etc. had a large abundance, and were the dominant bacteria in the fermentation process. The dominant flora played a key role in the biodegradation, mineralization of organic matter, and hydrolysis and acidification in heap fermentation process. In 15~20 ℃, a certain amount of Firmicutes microbial agents could be added to improve the fermentation effect and power generation efficiency by waste incineration.
- incineration power generation /
- garbage storage pit /
- organic compound /
- mineralization /
- microbial flora

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