高温预处理对易腐垃圾堆肥腐熟及细菌菌群结构的影响

李张龙翔; 唐燕飞; 戴晓虎

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202306017

高温预处理对易腐垃圾堆肥腐熟及细菌菌群结构的影响

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202306017

同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200092

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划"农村生活垃圾源头深度分类及就地资源化技术及装备研发"（2020YFD1100104-02）

详细信息

作者简介:
李张龙翔(1997-),男,硕士,主要研究方向为易腐垃圾无害化处理与资源化。2030548@tongji.edu.cn

通讯作者:
戴晓虎(1962-),男,教授、博士生导师,主要研究方向为污泥及城镇易腐有机固废资源化处理处置研究。daixiaohu@tongji.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-02

EFFECT OF HYPERTHERMOPHILIC PRETREATMENT ON COMPOSTING MATURATION AND BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF PUTRESCIBLE WASTE

College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究高温预处理对易腐垃圾堆肥腐熟及细菌菌群结构的影响，以易腐垃圾及秸秆为原料，设置常规堆肥（CC，直接堆肥）及高温预处理堆肥（HPC，85℃高温处置4 h后堆肥）2个处理组，利用实验室自制高温预处理装置及堆肥装置堆肥。经高温预处理，HPC组物料氨基酸、还原糖含量分别提升34.2%和52.9%。堆肥过程中，2个试验组均可在16 d内腐熟（C/N<18、种子发芽指数（GI）>70%），而高温预处理能使堆体提前升温，延长高温期的同时提升腐熟度，相比CC组，HPC组积温提升40.7%，堆肥结束时种子发芽指数提升35%，腐殖化指数提高40.2%。堆肥升温期乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillus）等为相对优势菌属，堆肥高温期芽孢杆菌（Bacillus）为优势菌属，堆肥腐熟期嗜热裂孢菌（Thermobifida）等菌属相对丰度提高。高温预处理有利于嗜热菌群特别是芽孢杆菌（Bacillus）的富集，HPC组堆肥前期芽孢杆菌（Bacillus）相对丰度达到63%，促进堆体有机质消耗及升温，堆肥后期由于有机质的大量降解，刺激细菌菌群由降解有机物向着促进堆体腐熟的功能进化，以实现堆肥快速腐熟。
- 易腐垃圾 /
- 好氧堆肥 /
- 高温预处理 /
- 腐殖化 /
- 细菌菌群结构
Abstract: To explore the effects of hyperthermophilic pretreatment on the maturity and bacterial community of putrescible waste composting, using putrescible waste and straw as raw materials, two treatments were set up:conventional composting (CC) and hyperthermophilic pretreatment composting (HPC, 4 h, 85℃). Compost was carried out using a laboratory-made hyperthermophilic pretreatment reactor and a composting reactor. After hyperthermophilic pretreatment, the contents of amino acid and reducing sugar in the HPC group increased by 34.2% and 52.9%. The results showed that both groups could get mature within 16 days (C/N<18, GI>70%), and hyperthermophilic pretreatment could increase the temperature of the compost pile in advance, prolong the high-temperature period and improve the maturity. Compared with the CC group, the HPC group had a 40.7% increase in temperature accumulation, a 35% increase in seed germination index, and a 40.2% increase in the humification index, at the end of composting. Lactobacillus was the dominant genus during the initial phase of composting, Bacillus was the dominant genus during the thermophilic phase, and Thermobifida was the relatively dominant genus during the maturation phase. Hyperthermophilic pretreatment was beneficial to the enrichment of thermophilic bacterial communities, especially Bacillus. The relative abundance of Bacillus in the initial phase of composting in the HPC group reached 63%, which was conducive to the consumption of organic matter and temperature rise during composting. In the maturation phase of composting, due to the degradation of organic matter, the bacterial community was stimulated to evolve from the function of degrading organic matter to promoting compost maturity.
- putrescible waste /
- composting /
- hyperthermophilic pretreatment /
- humification /
- bacterial community

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