液态粪污发酵过程微生物群落演替及其与环境因子的相关性

钟伊雯; 苏文幸; 姜珊; 王银宏; 柳王荣; 吴根义; 曾东; 陈雷

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202308018

液态粪污发酵过程微生物群落演替及其与环境因子的相关性

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202308018

1. 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510530;
2. 内蒙古优然牧业有限责任公司, 呼和浩特 010000;
3. 湖南农业大学资源与环境学院, 长沙 410128

基金项目:

内蒙古自治区下达呼和浩特市“科技兴蒙”重点专项项目“奶牛-农田系统种养一体化关键技术研究”(2020-科技兴蒙-国创中心-14)

详细信息

作者简介:
钟伊雯(1996-),女,助理工程师,主要研究方向为畜禽养殖污染治理技术。1361387492@qq.com

通讯作者:
曾东(1984-),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为农村环境污染治理技术。zengdong@scies.org

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-13
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-15

MICROBIAL COMMUNITY SUCCESSION DURING LIQUID MANURE FERMENTATION AND ITS CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

1. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Guangzhou 510530, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Youran Dairy Co., Ltd., Hohhot 010000, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究液态粪污发酵过程中理化指标的变化和微生物群落结构的演替特征,采用好氧发酵方法,奶牛液态粪污稀释后添加益生菌液(effective microorganisms,EM)和有机肥发酵菌剂(organic fermentation bacteria,OFB)进行发酵。分析发酵过程中COD、氮和磷的变化规律,以种子发芽指数作为腐熟度指标考察液态粪污腐熟程度,探明发酵过程细菌群落的结构特征。结果表明:添加微生物复合菌剂均可以有效降解有机物,粪污稀释为低浓度(low,L)后能更快进入腐熟阶段。其中L-OFB处理在发酵结束时种子发芽指数(GI)达到84.01%,达到完全腐熟。采用高通量测序对Alpha多样性、物种差异分析发现,发酵过程中主要优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门;在发酵周期内,添加EM、OFB菌剂处理的样品中ML635J-40 aquatic group属、Truepera属、Aquamicrobium属、Anaerovorax属、Pseudomonas属的相对丰度较对照处理(CK)处理中更高;冗余分析结果表示,TN是第1影响因子,与细菌群落组成变化显著相关(P<0.05);GI与Aquamicrobium属的相关性最强,在发酵结束时相对丰度较大,可作为腐熟期指示微生物。研究可为今后液态粪污处理工艺的优化提供理论依据。
- 液态粪污 /
- 发酵 /
- 微生物菌剂 /
- 细菌群落 /
- 环境因子
Abstract: To study the changes in physical and chemical indices and the succession characteristics of the microbial community structure in the process of manure fermentation, using the aerobic fermentation method, commercial microbial compounds including effective microorganisms(EM) and organic fermentation bacteria(OFB), were added for fermentation after dilution of dairy manure. Changes in COD, nitrogen and phosphorus during the fermentation process were analysed. The seed germination index was used as a maturity index to investigate the maturity of the liquid manure, and the structural characteristics of the bacterial community in the fermentation process were studied. The results showed that the addition of microbial compounds can effectively break down organic matter, and the liquid manure can reach the maturity stage more quickly after diluting to low (L) concentrations. The seed germination index of the L-OFB treatment reached 84.01% at the end of fermentation, indicating full maturity. Alpha diversity and species difference analysis using high-throughput sequencing showed that the main dominant phyla in the fermentation process were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. During the fermentation period, the relative abundance of the ML635J-40 aquatic group, Truepera, Aquamicrobium, Anaerovorax and Pseudomonas was higher in the samples treated with EM and OFB than in the control. The results of the redundancy analysis showed that total nitrogen was the prime factor significantly correlated with the change in bacterial community composition (P<0.05). The correlation between seed germination index and Aquamicrobium was the strongest, and the relative abundance was high at the end of fermentation, which could be used as an indicator microorganism of maturity. This study can provide a theoretical basis for future optimisation of the liquid manure treatment process.
- liquid manure /
- fermentation /
- microbial agents /
- bacterial community /
- environmental factors

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