2017—2019年峰峰矿区PM<sub>2.5</sub>中重金属来源解析及生态风险评价

张逸冰; 梁轶群; 张远; 房银祥; 牛红亚; 樊景森

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202308031

2017—2019年峰峰矿区PM_2.5中重金属来源解析及生态风险评价

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202308031

张逸冰¹,
梁轶群¹,
张远¹,
房银祥¹,
牛红亚^1,2,
樊景森^1,2, ,

1. 河北工程大学地球科学与工程学院, 河北邯郸 056038;
2. 河北工程大学河北省煤炭资源开发与利用协同创新中心, 河北邯郸 056038

基金项目:

河北省自然科学基金(D2021402004)

国家自然科学基金(41807305)

河北省重点研发计划项目(19273705D)

详细信息

作者简介:
张逸冰(1998-),女,硕士,主要研究方向为大气气溶胶化学。zhangyibing9898@163.com

通讯作者:
樊景森,男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为大气气溶胶。fanjingsen@hebeu.edu.cn

计量
- 文章访问数: 68
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 5
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-06
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-15

SOURCE APPORTIONMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN PM_2.5 IN THE FENGFENG MINING AREA IN 2017—2019

1. School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056038, China;
2. Hebei Coal Resources Development and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Hebei Engineering University, Handan 056038, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解峰峰矿区PM_2.5中重金属的污染来源和生态风险,于2017—2019年采集PM_2.5样品,使用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定其中重金属元素(Zn、Pb、Mn、Cr、Cu、As、Sb、Ni、Cd、Co)的浓度,通过富集因子、主成分分析、地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数来探究重金属元素的来源和生态风险。结果表明:采样期间峰峰矿区PM_2.5日均浓度为GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量标准》二级标准日均浓度限值的1.66倍左右,呈冬春季高于夏秋季的规律。元素浓度与PM_2.5浓度变化规律基本一致,且呈逐年降低趋势,PM_2.5中重金属总平均浓度顺序为Zn＞Pb＞Mn＞Cr＞Cu＞As＞Sb＞Ni＞Cd＞Co,其中Zn、Pb、Mn、Cr、Cu元素浓度之和占总元素浓度的92.7%,As和Cr超标严重。富集因子结果表明:Cr、Cu和As呈重度富集,Zn、Pb、Sb和Cd呈极重富集,主要来自人为活动。主成分分析表明:重金属的来源有燃煤源、交通源、工业源、自然源及农业源。地累积指数表明:Cr、Cu和As为偏重度污染,受人为污染影响较大;Zn、Pb、Sb和Cd达到严重污染以上,主要受人类活动影响。峰峰矿区重金属的综合潜在生态风险等级极强,单因子污染物中,Sb和Cd潜在风险等级为极强。但2019年较前2年,PM_2.5和大部分元素的污染程度和潜在生态风险指数均有所降低。
- 峰峰矿区 /
- PM_2.5 /
- 重金属 /
- 源解析 /
- 生态风险
Abstract: In order to understand the pollution sources and ecological risks of heavy metals in PM_2.5 in the Fengfeng mining area, PM_2.5 samples were collected from 2017 to 2019, and the concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, As, Sb, Ni, Cd and Co) in the PM_2.5 samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The sources and ecological risks of heavy metals were investigated by enrichment factor, principal component analysis, geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index. The results showed that the average daily concentration of PM_2.5 in the Fengfeng mining area during the sampling period was about 1.66 times the limit value in the Environmental Air Quality Standard (GB 3095—2012), showing a seasonal rule that winter and spring were higher than summer and autumn. The variation rule of element concentration was basically consistent with that of PM_2.5 concentration and the total element concentration decreased year by year. The total average concentration of heavy metals in PM_2.5 was in an order of Zn>Pb>Mn>Cr>Cu>As>Sb>Ni>Cd>Co. The sum of Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr and Cu elements accounted for 92.7% of the total element concentration, and As and Cr exceeded the standard seriously. The results of enrichment factors showed that Cr, Cu and As were heavily enriched, and Zn, Pb, Sb and Cd were extremely heavily enriched, mainly coming from human activities. Principal component analysis showed that the sources of metals were coal sources, traffic sources, industrial sources, natural sources, and agricultural sources. The geoaccumulation index showed that Cr, Cu and As were heavy pollution, greatly affected by man-made pollution. While Zn, Pb, Sb and Cd reached serious pollution, they were mainly affected by human activities. The comprehensive potential ecological risk level of heavy metals in the Fengfeng mining area was extremely strong. Among the single factor pollutants, the potential risk levels of Sb and Cd were extremely strong. With the introduction of a series of air and environmental governance policies, the pollution level and potential ecological risk index of PM_2.5 and most elements decreased in 2019, compared with the other two years.
- the Fengfeng mining area /
- PM_2.5 /
- heavy metal /
- source apportionment /
- ecological risk

HTML全文

参考文献(42)

[1]	唐孝炎,张远航,邵敏.大气环境化学[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[2]	DUAN J C,TAN J H,WANG S L,et al.Size distributions and sources of elements in particulate matter at curbside,urban and rural sites in Beijing[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2012,24(1):87-94.
[3]	ZHANG J,HUA P,KREBS P.Influences of land use and antecedent dry-weather period on pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in road-deposited sediment[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,228(sep.):158-168.
[4]	CHEN P,BI X,ZHANG J,et al.Assessment of heavy metal pollution characteristics and human health risk of exposure to ambient PM_2.5 in Tianjin,China[J].Particuology,2015,20(3):104-109.
[5]	李敏,高燕红,郭凌川,等.广州大气PM_2.5中重金属污染的健康风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2016,33(5):421-424.
[6]	WANG X.Characteristics and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in reclaimed land of a bauxite mine[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,17(2):94-102.
[7]	张鑫,赵小曼,孟雪洁,等.北京、新乡夏季大气颗粒物中重金属的粒径分布及人体健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(3):997-1003.
[8]	CRILLEY L R L F,BLOSS W.Source apportionment of fine and coarse particles at a roadside and urban background site in London during the 2012 summer ClearfLo campaign-ScienceDirect[J].Environmental Pollution,2017,220(Pt B):766-778.
[9]	闫广轩,张朴真,黄海燕,等.郑州-新乡冬季PM_2.5中元素浓度特征及其源分析[J].环境科学,2019,40(5):2027-2035.
[10]	林晓辉,赵阳,樊孝俊,等.南昌市秋季大气PM_2.5中金属元素富集特征及来源分析[J].环境科学,2016,37(1):35-40.
[11]	陶俊,张仁健,段菁春,等.北京城区PM_2.5中致癌重金属季节变化特征及其来源分析[J].环境科学,2014,35(2):411-417.
[12]	金媛媛,张晓梅,陈鸿,等.上海市某工业区大气PM_2.5中重金属浓度及生态风险评估[J].上海预防医学,2022,34(3):252-255.
[13]	林俊,刘卫,李燕,等.上海市郊区大气细颗粒和超细颗粒物中元素粒径分布研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(4):982-987.
[14]	袁鸾,徐伟嘉,岳玎利,等.广州不同环境空气PM_2.5中金属元素污染特征与风险评价[J].中国环境监测,2021,37(6):91-100.
[15]	张启钧,吴琳,方小珍,等.天津典型道路环境PM_2.5中重金属的粒径分布及健康风险评价[J].环境污染与防治,2019,41(10):1202-1206.
[16]	樊景森,孙玉壮,牛红亚,等.九龙煤矿煤矸石山对环境的有机污染[J].环境污染与防治,2009,31(1):101-103.
[17]	张松,郑刘根,陈永春,等.淮南矿区道路环境大气颗粒物重金属污染特征及来源解析[J].环境污染与防治,2020,42(7):912-916 ,928.
[18]	靳晓洋.峰峰矿区气溶胶化学组成的特征研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[19]	兰建林,朱雪凝,刘跃斌,等.煤矿区PM_2.5、PM₁₀中重金属的污染水平及综合风险评价[J].生态环境学报,2020,29(8):1592-1601.
[20]	樊景森,浑凌云,靳晓洋,等.太行山东麓煤矿区气溶胶重金属元素污染特征及来源分析[J].河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2018,35(3):76-81.
[21]	武振晓,闫珊珊,薛凡利,等.邯郸市冬季大气PM_2.5中金属元素空间污染特征及生态风险评价[J].中国环境监测,2021,37(1):76-86.
[22]	乔宝文,刘子锐,胡波,等.北京冬季PM_2.5中金属元素浓度特征和来源分析[J].环境科学,2017,38(3):876-883.
[23]	王伟,孔少飞,刘海彪,等.南京市春节前后大气PM_2.5中重金属来源及健康风险评价[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(7):2186-2195.
[24]	邓林俐,张凯山,殷子渊,等.基于PMF模型的PM_2.5中金属元素污染及来源的区域特征分析[J].环境科学,2020,41(12):5276-5287.
[25]	姚森,王乾恒,薛妍,等.郑州市冬季大气PM_2.5金属元素来源及健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2022,43(5):2329-2335.
[26]	唐大镜,常会云,张莹,等.2017—2019年石家庄市PM_2.5中重金属污染及健康风险评价[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(7):1177-1180 ,1197.
[27]	中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[28]	赵珍丽,赵委托,黄庭,等.电镀厂周边大气PM₁₀中重金属季节性分布特征及生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2018,39(1):18-26.
[29]	MULLER G.Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River[J].GeoJournal,1969,2(3):109-118.
[30]	HAKANSON L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control:a sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[31]	徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[32]	李雪华.锑矿区沉积物生态风险评价及修复技术研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013.
[33]	沈嵩,刘蕾,温维,等.北京及周边地区夏季PM_2.5中含碳组分污染特征与来源解析[J].环境工程,2022,40(2):71-80.
[34]	肖致美,徐虹,李立伟,等.基于在线观测的天津市PM_2.5污染特征及来源解析[J].环境科学,2020,41(10):4355-4363.
[35]	牛红亚,杨旗,刘召策,等.燃煤工业城市大气细颗粒物中水溶性无机离子的季节变化特征及来源解析:以邯郸市为例[J].中国环境监测,2020,36(1):26-33.
[36]	程文净.邯郸市碳质气溶胶及单颗粒的理化特征研究[D].邯郸:河北工程大学,2018.
[37]	崔井龙,张志红,夏娜,等.太原市某城区四季大气PM_2.5中重金属污染特征分析[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(5):1566-1572.
[38]	LIN Y C,ZHANG Y L,SONG W,et al.Specific sources of health risks caused by size-resolved PM-bound metals in a typical coal-burning city of northern China during the winter haze event[J].Science of the Total Environment,2020,734:138651.
[39]	张智胜,陶俊,龙颖贤,等.成都城区PM_2.5中有害微量元素的污染特征[J].中国科学院大学学报,2014,31(3):426-430 ,438.
[40]	吴红璇,史常青,张艳,等.乌海市煤矿区及周边春季降尘污染特征及来源分析[J].环境科学,2020,41(3):1167-1175.
[41]	张银晓,卢春颖,张剑,等.民用燃煤排放细颗粒中金属元素排放特征及单颗粒分析[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(9):3273-3279.
[42]	徐静,李杏茹,张兰,等.北京城郊PM_2.5中金属元素的污染特征及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2019,40(6):2501-2509.