废弃生物降解塑料不同处置技术碳排放分析

李建园; 孙昱楠; 黄佳乐; 陈奇晶; 贾悦; 高豫乐; 程占军; 颜蓓蓓; 陈冠益

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202309015

废弃生物降解塑料不同处置技术碳排放分析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202309015

李建园¹,
孙昱楠^1, ,,
黄佳乐¹,
陈奇晶¹,
贾悦¹,
高豫乐¹,
程占军^2,3,
颜蓓蓓^2,3,
陈冠益^1,2,3

1. 天津商业大学机械工程学院/生物技术与食品科学学院环境能源+X创新实验室, 天津 300134;
2. 天津大学环境科学与工程学院, 天津 300072;
3. 天津市生物质废物利用重点实验室, 天津市生物质燃气/油技术工程研究中心, 天津市有机废物安全处置与能源利用工程研究中心, 天津 300072

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFC3902305）

详细信息

作者简介:
李建园(1998-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为固体废弃物生物处置及资源化利用。lijianyuan@stu.tjcu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
孙昱楠(1992-),女,讲师,主要研究方向为固废处置与污染物控制。sunyunan@tjcu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-11-15

CARBON EMISSION ANALYSIS OF WASTE BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS BY DIFFERENT DISPOSAL TECHNOLOGIES

1. Interdisciplinary Innovation Lab for Environment and Energy, School of Mechanical Engineering & School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass Wastes Utilization, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Bio Gas, Oil Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China

摘要

摘要: 生物降解塑料因其环境友好性引起了广泛关注，但其处置过程中的碳排放情况尚不明晰。随着处置技术的不断研发与应用，不同处置技术的碳排放差异值得探究。基于排放因子法和质量平衡法，从运行能耗间接碳排放、塑料分解直接碳排放和资源回收碳补偿3方面，对6种主要处置技术进行了对比分析。结果表明：处置1 t废弃生物降解塑料，净碳排放量顺序为填埋处置>焚烧处置>化学回收>工业堆肥>厌氧发酵>机械回收。机械回收和厌氧发酵因可实现塑料产品和沼气的资源回收，净碳排放分别为-842.33，-341.55 kg CO₂eq，展现出较好的碳减排潜力。其中，机械回收的间接碳排放、直接碳排放和碳补偿分别是其他处置技术的0.62~22.96，0.13~0.52，0.93~1.58倍；厌氧发酵相应分别为0.09~2.11，0.26~1.93，0.59~0.85倍。这表明机械回收相比于厌氧发酵，产生了更多的能源消耗和更高的碳补偿效果，但机械回收仍存在废弃物分拣困难、回收效率低、回收产品性能差等难题；从降碳潜力出发，厌氧发酵更具发展前景。此外，降低运行能耗、助力资源回收、充分发挥碳补偿潜力是实现废弃生物降解塑料处置阶段碳减排的主要措施。从助力"双碳"角度，该成果可为废弃生物降解塑料处置技术的选择提供参考。
- 碳排放 /
- 生物降解塑料 /
- 废塑料处置技术 /
- 碳补偿 /
- 资源回收
Abstract: Biodegradable plastics have attracted wide attention because of their environmental friendliness, but the carbon emission in the waste disposal process is still unclear. With the development and application of disposal technologies, the differences in carbon emissions of these technologies are worth exploring. To reveal the carbon emissions of different disposal technologies for waste biodegradable plastics, this study compares the indirect carbon emissions from operation energy consumption, direct carbon emissions from plastic decomposition, and carbon offset from resource recovery, based on the emission factor and mass balance method. The results showed that the net carbon emissions per ton of waste biodegradable plastics were as follows:landfill > incineration > industrial composting > chemical recovery > anaerobic fermentation > mechanical recycling. Because of the resource recovery of plastic and biogas, mechanical recycling and anaerobic fermentation had a net carbon emission of -842.33 kg CO₂eq and -341.55 kg CO₂eq, respectively, showing their better potential for carbon reduction. Among them, the indirect carbon emission, direct carbon emission, and carbon offset of mechanical recycling were 0.62~22.96, 0.13~0.52, and 0.93~1.58 times of other disposal technologies, respectively. And those of anaerobic fermentation were 0.09~2.11, 0.26~1.93, and 0.59~0.85 times, respectively. This indicated that mechanical recycling has higher energy consumption and carbon offsetting effects than anaerobic fermentation. However, the low efficiency and poor performance of recycled products limits the development of mechanical recycling for waste biodegradable plastics. Anaerobic fermentation has more development prospects from the perspective of carbon reduction potential. In addition, reducing operation energy consumption, promoting resource recovery, and giving full play to carbon offset potential are the main measures to achieve carbon emission reduction in the disposal of waste biodegradable plastics. From the perspective of striving for Double Carbon Goal, this study provides a reference for the selection of waste biodegradable plastics disposal technology.
- carbon emission /
- biodegradable plastics /
- disposal technology /
- carbon offset /
- resource recovery

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