化工生产中温室气体N<sub>2</sub>O排放与工业化减排技术

陈标华; 田梦; 徐瑞年

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202310011

化工生产中温室气体N₂O排放与工业化减排技术

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202310011

北京工业大学环境与生命学部, 北京 100124

基金项目:

北京市教育委员会科研计划项目（KM202310005017）

详细信息

作者简介:
陈标华(1963-),男,博士生导师,主要研究方向为化工清洁生产、化工环境及清洁能源中的催化及过程强化。chenbh@bjut.edu.cn

通讯作者:
徐瑞年(1988-),男,副研究员,主要研究方向为多相催化反应工程,含氮废气催化剂净化技术。xuruinian@bjut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-11
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-26

GREENHOUSE GAS N₂O EMISSIONS IN CHEMICAL PRODUCTION AND INDUSTRIAL ABATEMENT TECHNOLOGIES

Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

摘要

摘要: N₂O作为第三大人为排放温室气体，可造成臭氧层破坏并加剧气候变暖，是化工生产中的污染物之一。己二酸和硝酸生产过程中排放了大量N₂O，一直被认为是化学工业中N₂O的主要排放源。然而在化工领域内，N₂O的排放并不仅限于硝酸和己二酸生产过程，因其他化工生产中N₂O排放浓度低，没有明确排放标准和监测方法等问题，N₂O排放一直被有所忽视。通过系统阐明化工生产流程中已明确存在的N₂O排放及N₂O产生机制，拓展讨论了化工行业中尚未被关注的N₂O排放问题。通过总结生产工艺的N₂O排放原因和N₂O生成机制，推测了其他可能存在N₂O排放的化工工艺流程。此外，还介绍了工业上已采用的N₂O减排技术及其存在的问题，结合不同减排技术特点，分析说明工业实践中N₂O减排效果和当前的发展的困境，给出了N₂O减排技术未来研究的重点，以期为人类生产活动中N₂O有效控制和减排工作目标提供参考依据和实践方向。
- 温室气体 /
- N₂O排放 /
- 硝化反应 /
- NH₃ /
- 减排技术
Abstract: Nitrous oxide(N₂O), the third largest anthropogenic emissive greenhouse gas, can cause ozone layer depletion and contribute to climate warming, and is one of the pollutants generated in chemical production. Adipic acid and nitric acid production produce large amounts of N₂O, which have been considered as main sources of N₂O emission in the chemical industry. However, the sources of N₂O emission are not limited to the nitric and adipic acid production processes. Due to low concentrations of N₂O emissions, no clear emission standards or monitoring methods, some other chemical processes have been neglected. This paper systematically elucidated the existence of N₂O emission sources and the mechanisms of N₂O generation in the chemical production processes, and clarified the N₂O emission problems that have not yet received much attention in the chemical industry. Moreover, by summarizing the causes of N₂O emission and mechanisms of N₂O formation during those well-known processes, this paper speculated on other processes with potential N₂O emission. Additionally, this paper introduced the N₂O abatement technologies and corresponding problems that have been applied in the industry. Analyzed the effect of N₂O emission reduction in industrial applications and the current development predicament combined with the evaluation of abatement technologies, and proposed the future research focus of N₂O emission reduction technologies. To provide a reference and practical direction for the effective control and emission reduction of N₂O in human production activities.
- greenhouse gases /
- N₂O emission /
- nitration /
- NH₃ /
- emission reduction technologies

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