ENVIRONMENTAL OCCURRENCE AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF PARABENS AND METABOLITES IN THE DONGJIANG RIVER
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摘要: 对羟基苯甲酸酯(Parabens)作为防腐剂被广泛用于食品、化妆品、药品和工业产品的生产和使用中。然而,作为一种新兴的内分泌干扰物,Parabens在水环境中长期积累会对生态环境和人类健康造成威胁。分析了东江水体与底泥中Parabens及其常见代谢物的赋存特征,并评估了其可能造成的生态风险。结果表明:东江水体中Parabens含量为1.17~17.01 ng/L,底泥中Parabens含量为19.0~765.959 ng/g。其中,西枝江(XZJ)段水体及底泥中Parabens的平均含量均较高,分别为3.62 ng/L、155.99 ng/g。对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(Methyl parabens, MeP)和其主要代谢产物对羟基苯甲酸(4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-HB)是东江流域水环境中Parabens的主要存在单体。Parabens各种单体水平在不同地区也表现出一定的差异性,可能与食品、药品和化妆品的不同消费习惯有关。风险评估表明,东江水体中Parabens的生态风险水平较低,但是长期暴露可能会对生态系统造成较大危害,需要引起关注和重视。研究结果为此类物质的风险评估和环境管理提供了科学支撑。Abstract: Parabens are widely used as preservatives in the production of food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial products. However, as a group of emerging endocrine disruptor, parabens can be bioaccumulated in aquatic organisms, thus posing threat to the ecosystem and human health. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and distribution of parabens in the surface water and sediments of the Dongjiang River, and assessed the potential ecological risk it may pose. The results showed that the concentrations of total parabens in the surface water ranged from 1.17 ng/L to 17.07 ng/L. The concentrations of parabens in sediments ranged from 19.0 ng/g to 765.959 ng/g. Meanwhile, the average content of parabens in the water column and sediment of Xizhijiang (XZJ) was higher, 3.62 ng/L and 155.99 ng/g, respectively. Among the parabens and metabolites measured, MeP and 4-HB were the respective major parent compound and metabolite. The levels of different types of parent parabens also showed variability in different regions, which may be related to different consumption habits of food, drugs, and cosmetics. The risk assessment showed that the ecological risk of parabens in the Dongjiang River was low, but long-term exposure may cause greater harmful effects on the ecosystem. The results of the study provide scientific support for the risk assessment and environmental management of parabens.
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Key words:
- the Dongjiang River /
- parabens /
- risk assessment /
- environmental management /
- sediment
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