晋城市秋冬季PM<sub>2.5</sub>组分特征及来源解析

郭前进

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202407017

晋城市秋冬季PM_2.5组分特征及来源解析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202407017

郭前进

晋城市生态环境综合保障中心, 山西晋城 048026

基金项目:

大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG-05-14)

详细信息

作者简介:
郭前进(1967-),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为大气污染防治。jcguoqianjin@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-12
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-02

COMPONENTS CHARACTERISTICS AND SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF PM_2.5 IN AUTUMN AND WINTER IN JINCHENG

GUO Qianjin

Jincheng Ecological Environment Comprehensive Guarantee Center, Jincheng 048026, China

摘要

摘要: 晋城市是我国重要的煤化工基地, 近年来PM_2.5污染问题突出。采集了2018—2019年秋冬季晋城市3个监测站点的PM_2.5样品, 分析了不同天气条件下的组分浓度(离子、元素和碳质)以及二次转化特征, 利用后向轨迹探究了区域传输对环境空气的影响, 并采用化学质量平衡模型进行了来源解析。结果表明:1)采样期间晋城市PM_2.5日均浓度为86.1 μg/m³, 污染天PM_2.5浓度(131.1μg/m³)是优良天(58.2 μg/m³)的2.3倍, 主要与污染天高湿静稳的气象条件有关。2)二次无机盐离子为晋城市PM_2.5水溶性离子的主要成分(83.4%), 污染天二次无机盐离子的浓度(71.2 μg/m³)显著高于清洁天(24.6 μg/m³), 晋城市秋冬季SO₂向 SO^2-₄的转化主要是非均相反应占主导,而NO^-₃的生成同时受气相氧化和非均相水解的影响; 晋城市秋冬季污染天OC和EC浓度相比清洁天分别上升了88.5%和83.0%。后向轨迹结果显示, 在不利气象条件影响下, 1月来自晋城市东南区域的短距离传输气团加重了污染过程,体现了区域联防联控的重要意义。源解析结果显示, 扬尘源(18.4%)、二次硝酸盐(16.5%)、燃煤源(15.9%)和机动车排放源(12.0%)是晋城市PM_2.5主要来源。因此, 为有效降低晋城市秋冬季PM_2.5污染, 需要加强机动车排放的管控, 减少秋冬季期间燃煤源的污染物排放, 降低NO₂、SO₂等二次污染物前体物的排放。
- PM_2.5 /
- 组分浓度特征 /
- 源解析 /
- 机动车污染 /
- 燃煤污染
Abstract: Jincheng is an important coal chemical industry base in China, and its industrial economic structure is dominated by heavy industry. In recent years, PM_2.5 pollution has become prominent in Jincheng. Atmospheric PM_2.5 samples were collected from three sites in Jincheng in the autumn and winter from 2018 to 2019. This study analyzed the component concentrations (ions, elements, and carbon) and secondary transformation characteristics under different conditions. Backward trajectory was used to investigate the impact of regional transport on ambient air, and a chemical mass balance model was used to analyze the source of PM_2.5. The results showed that: 1) the concentration of PM_2.5 in Jincheng was 86.1 μg/m³ during the sampling period. The PM_2.5 concentration in the polluted period (131.1 μg/m³) was 2.3 times higher than that in the clean period (58.2 μg/m³), which maybe related to the high humidity and static stability conditions. 2) secondary inorganic ions were the main component (83.4%) of water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 in Jincheng, which had a higher concentration in the polluted period (71.2 μg/m³) than clean period (24.6 μg/m³). The conversion of SO₂ to SO^2-₄ in autumn and winter in Jincheng was mainly dominated by heterogeneous reactions, while the formation of NO^-₃ was influenced by both oxidation and heterogeneous hydrolysis. Compared with the clean period, the concentrations of OC and EC in polluted days increased by 88.5% and 83.0%, respectively. The backward trajectory results showed that under the influence of adverse meteorological conditions, the short-distance air mass from the southeast of Jincheng in January aggravated the pollution process, which reflected the importance of regional joint prevention and control. The results of source apportionment showed that dust source (18.4%), secondary nitrates (16.5%), coal combustion (15.9%) source, and vehicle source (12.0%) were the main source of PM_2.5. Therefore, to further reduce the concentration of PM_2.5 in Jincheng, it is necessary to strengthen the control of vehicle and coal combustion in autumn and winter to reduce the emissions of the primary pollutants (SO₂ and NO₂).
- PM_2.5 /
- component characteristics /
- source apportionment /
- vehicle pollution /
- coal combustion pollution

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