石河子市大气NH<sub>3</sub>污染特征及影响因素研究

何凯杰; 何友江; 杨欣; 程苗苗; 李富强; 彭玉杰; 李斌

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202407018

石河子市大气NH₃污染特征及影响因素研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202407018

1. 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012;
2. 中北大学环境与安全工程学院, 太原 030051;
3. 石河子市生态环境局, 新疆石河子 832099

详细信息

作者简介:
何凯杰(1998-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为大气污染控制技术。2160955895@qq.com

通讯作者:
何友江(1979-),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为大气数值模式及模拟研究。heyj@crase.org.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-02

CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF ATMOSPHERIC NH₃ POLLUTION IN SHIHEZI

1. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
2. School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China;
3. Shihezi Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station, Shihezi 832099, China

摘要

摘要: 大气氨(NH₃)对二次气溶胶的形成有重要影响。为研究石河子市大气NH₃污染特征,于2020年12月—2021年11月对石河子市NH₃浓度进行了连续观测,结合大气NH₃排放特征和同期气象因素的变化特征分析了石河子市NH₃浓度水平、污染特征和影响因素。结果表明:石河子市大气ρ(NH₃)年均为21.0 μg/m³,ρ(NH₃)季均分布为20.2~21.7 μg/m³,季节变化幅度较小。农业源是石河子市大气NH₃的主要贡献源;而冬季大气NH₃主要来源于工业烟气脱硝过程中的氨逃逸,冬季持续的低边界层高度和低风速致使大气扩散条件转差,不利的扩散条件是冬季NH₃浓度累积升高的重要原因。冬季加大对烟气脱硝过程中氨逃逸的治理力度有利于降低石河子市冬季大气NH₃浓度。石河子市4个季节大气NH₃浓度均表现为白天高夜间低,且NH₃浓度在春季和冬季呈单峰日变化特征,峰值分别出现在12:00和16:00;在夏季和秋季呈多峰日变化特征,最大峰值分别出现在11:00和13:00。与国内其他城市相比,石河子市4个季节大气NH₃浓度日间峰值出现时间晚1~3 h。随机森林算法对大气NH₃浓度影响因素的定量评估表明,4个季节气象因素对NH₃浓度的影响分别达到了63.6%、58.8%、73.9%和64.5%,气象因素是大气NH₃浓度变化的主要影响因素。
- NH₃ /
- 污染特征 /
- 影响因素 /
- 石河子市
Abstract: Atmospheric ammonia (NH₃) has an important impact on the formation of secondary aerosols. To investigate the characteristics of atmospheric NH₃ pollution in Shihezi, the atmospheric NH₃ concentration was observed continuously from December 2020 to November 2021, and the magnitude level, variation characteristics, and influencing factors of atmospheric NH₃ in Shihezi were analyzed, in combination with the characteristics of atmospheric NH₃ emissions and the characteristics of concurrent meteorological parameters. The results show that the annual average concentration of atmospheric NH₃ in Shihezi was 21.0 μg/m³, the average concentration of atmospheric NH₃ in the four seasons ranged from 20.2 μg/m³ to 21.7 μg/m³, with a small seasonal fluctuation. In winter, the main source of atmospheric NH₃ in Shihezi was the escape of ammonia during the industrial flue gas denitrification process, and the continuous low boundary layer height and low wind speed in winter led to the deterioration of atmospheric diffusion conditions. The unfavorable diffusion conditions were an important reason for the accumulation of atmospheric NH₃ concentration in winter. Increasing the control of ammonia escape during flue gas denitrification was beneficial to reducing the atmospheric NH₃ concentration in Shihezi. The diurnal variation of atmospheric NH₃ concentration showed a pattern of higher during the day and lower at night in Shihezi in all seasons, with the daily variation of atmospheric NH₃ concentration being highest in spring and lowest in winter. The atmospheric NH₃ concentrations in spring and winter showed a single-peak pattern, with dual peaks at 12:00 and 16:00, respectively, and summer and autumn atmospheric NH₃ concentrations showed a multi-peak pattern, with maximum peaks at 11:00 and 13:00, respectively. Compared with other cities in China, the daytime peak of atmospheric NH₃ concentration in Shihezi appeared 1 to 3 hours later. The quantitative evaluation of the influencing factors of atmospheric NH₃ concentration by the random forest algorithm showed that the influence of meteorological factors on atmospheric NH₃ in the four seasons reached 63.6%, 58.8%, 73.9%, and 64.5%, respectively, and meteorological factors were the main influencing factors of atmospheric NH₃ concentration.
- NH₃ /
- pollution characteristics /
- influencing factors /
- Shihezi

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