固废焚烧残余物重金属和氯盐污染特征与风险评估

黄俊霖; 刘煌睿; 闫海虎; 席云浩; 李祥; 朱能武

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202408016

固废焚烧残余物重金属和氯盐污染特征与风险评估

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202408016

黄俊霖¹,
刘煌睿²,
闫海虎²,
席云浩¹,
李祥¹,
朱能武^1,3,4,5, ,

1. 华南理工大学环境与能源学院, 广州 510006;
2. 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510650;
3. 工业聚集区污染控制与生态修复教育部重点实验室, 广州 510006;
4. 固体废物污染控制与资源化广东省重点实验室, 广州 510006;
5. 固体废物处理与资源化广东省环境保护重点实验室, 广州 510006

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1906900)

国家自然科学基金项目(22276062)

详细信息

作者简介:
黄俊霖(1997-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为固体废弃物处置。1529997581@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱能武,男,教授,主要研究方向为固危废低碳循环利用技术。nwzhu@scut.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-02

POLLUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS AND CHLORIDES IN SOLID WASTE INCINERATION RESIDUES

1. School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
2. South China Institute of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China;
4. Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China;
5. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, China

摘要

摘要: 为了系统地掌握焚烧残余物污染特征与环境风险,测定了6种样品的化学与矿相组成及重金属和氯污染特征,结合风险评价指数(RAC)和重金属综合毒性指数(STI)评估其环境风险。结果表明:炉排炉飞灰和流化床飞灰污染特征存在较大差异,前者呈现高钙高氯,Cu、Zn、Cd以F2态为主,Pb浸出毒性超标,而后者富含硅铝组分且Cl含量为5.79%。危废飞灰与医废飞灰呈现高钠高氯,Zn、Cd和Ni均以F1态为主,不同的是前者Cu浸出毒性超标,后者则为Zn并以ZnCl₂存在。危废与医废炉渣均以SiO₂、Al₂O₃和Fe₂O₃为主,且氯含量为3.27%,二者Cu、Ni含量分别高达7525.5,991.4,4168.8,628.2 mg/kg。风险评估结果表明:炉排炉、流化床、危废和医废飞灰STI均处于中高风险等级、危废和医废炉渣中各类重金属RAC与STI均处于中低风险等级;Cu或Pb对人体健康处于存在不良影响等级,Cd和Cr均处于较高致癌风险等级。
- 焚烧飞灰 /
- 焚烧炉渣 /
- 重金属 /
- 污染特征 /
- 环境与人体健康风险评估
Abstract: To systematically grasp the pollution characteristics and environmental risks of incineration residues, their chemical and mineral composition and pollution characteristics of heavy metals and chlorides were analyzed. The risk assessment code (RAC) and synthesis toxicity index (STI) were used to evaluate the environmental risks of heavy metals. Results showed that grate furnace fly ash presented characteristics of high calcium and chlorine, in which Cu, Zn and Cd were mainly in the F2 state, and leaching toxicity of Pb exceeded the limit, while fluidized bed fly ash was rich in SiO₂ and Al₂O₃_, with a Cl content of 5.79%. Hazardous waste and medical waste fly ash presented the same characteristics of high sodium and chlorine, in which Zn, Cd and Ni were mainly in the F1 state, but the difference was that the leaching toxicity of Cu of the former exceeded the limit, while the later was Zn, existing in the form of ZnCl₂. Both hazardous waste and medical waste incineration slag were rich in SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ and with a Cl content of 3.27%, and their Cu and Ni contents reached 7525.5, 991.4 mg/kg and 4168.8, 628.2 mg/kg, respectively. Risk assessment indicated that the STI of grate furnace, fluidized bed, hazardous waste and medical fly ash were also all in moderate or high risk levels, and RAC and STI of all kinds heavy metals in hazardous waste and medical waste incineration slag were in low or moderate risk level. Cu or Pb in incineration residues had a negative impact on human health, and Cd and Cr were both at high carcinogenic risk levels.
- incineration fly ash /
- incineration slag /
- heavy metals /
- pollution characteristics /
- environmental and human health risk assessment

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参考文献(28)

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