泸州中心城区污水处理厂尾水水质与风险特征

乐霁颃; 王文龙; 吴乾元; 陈卓; 巫寅虎; 贾海峰; 刘方华; 王方; 胡洪营

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202501015

泸州中心城区污水处理厂尾水水质与风险特征

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202501015

1. 清华大学深圳国际研究生院国家环境保护环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室广东省城市水循环与环境安全工程中心, 广东深圳 518055;
2. 清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室环境前沿技术北京实验室, 北京 100084;
3. 泸州市住房和城乡建设局, 四川泸州 646000;
4. 泸州市园林绿化服务中心, 四川泸州 646000

基金项目:

泸州市海绵城市科研课题研究项目(N5105012022000106)

详细信息

作者简介:
乐霁颃(2000-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水污染控制研究。lejh22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王文龙(1990-),男,副教授,主要从事水污染控制和循环利用研究。wwl20@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-06-03
- 录用日期: 2023-10-30
- 修回日期: 2023-08-10
- 网络出版日期: 2025-03-21
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-21

Quality and risk characteristics of effluent from wastewater treatment plants in central area of Luzhou

1. Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental Safety, Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control of Shenzhen, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China;
2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
3. Luzhou Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bureau, Luzhou 646000, China;
4. Luzhou City Landscape and Greening Service Centre, Luzhou 646000, China

摘要

摘要: 泸州是长江上游的典型西南丘陵城市,掌握泸州市污水处理厂尾水水质特征,对长江水质保护具有重要意义。对泸州5个城市污水处理厂的进出水常规水质指标进行系统分析,并与全国污水处理厂、长江上游地表水水质进行比较,进而对长江的污染负荷影响进行评价。此外,采用多因子评估方法评估尾水富营养风险,采用EPA Method 1694方法分析药物和个人护理用品(PPCPs)检出频率、检出浓度与风险商。在大多数情况下,污水处理厂尾水的TP无法达到GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类水要求,且超出全国污水处理厂出水中位值的概率为64.3%~100%。因此识别出TP为常规污染物中的关键污染物。各污水处理厂进水均存在反硝化碳源不足的问题,而尾水富营养化风险高,对长江的TP污染负荷增量不容忽视。在尾水检出的13种PPCPs中,共识别到2种中高风险的PPCPs,其中高风险污染物为磺胺嘧啶,中风险污染物为磺胺甲基异噁唑,其余PPCPs均为低生态风险。针对TP与PPCPs这2类关键污染物,分别给出了实际的工艺提升建议:1)适当增加PFS投量,并将D型滤池改造为Ⅴ型滤池以提升除磷效率。2)增添臭氧与活性炭的处理工艺,以有效去除目前传统工艺难以处理的PPCPs。
- 长江上游 /
- 污水处理厂 /
- 水质风险特征 /
- 总磷 /
- 药品与个人护理品
Abstract: Luzhou is located in the southwestern hilly region of China, and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not only important parts of urban water pollution control, but also important sources of pollutants in natural water bodies. Understanding the quality characteristics of effluent from the WWTPs in Luzhou is crucial for protecting the water quality of the Yangtze River. This study systematically examined the conventional water quality indicators of the incoming and outgoing water from five municipal WWTPs in Luzhou, which were chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus (TP), and further compared them with the surface water quality of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the water quality of China’s domestic wastewater treatment plants. The analysis employed a multi-factor assessment method to evaluate the risk of eutrophication in the effluent, alongside the use of EPA Method 1694, to assess the detection frequency, concentration levels, and risk quotients of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) present in the tailwater. The findings indicated that TP concentrations in the effluent from these WWTPs failed to meet the Class Ⅲ surface water quality standards in most cases, with a probability of exceeding ranging from 64.3% to 100%, compared to median levels observed at wastewater treatment plants across China. Consequently, TP was identified as a significant contaminant among conventional pollutants. In the investigation, it was discovered that all five WWTPs grappled with inadequate carbon sources during their denitrification processes. The tailwater was at high risk of eutrophication, and the increasing load of TP pollution entering the Yangtze River ecosystem cannot be ignored. Furthermore, 13 PPCPs were detected in the tailwater, and two of them were identified as posing medium to high ecological risks. Specifically, sulfadiazine was categorized as a high-risk PPCP, while sulfamethoxazole was classified as medium risk. The remaining assessed PPCPs were deemed to present low ecological risks. In terms of the two key pollutants, TP and PPCPs, several targeted recommendations were proposed for enhancing the wastewater treatment processes in Luzhou. First, an appropriate increase was advocated in the dosage of polyferric sulfate (PFS), alongside a transition from type D filters to type Ⅴ filters, to improve the efficiency of phosphorus removal from the effluent. Second, ozone treatment and activated carbon were recommended into the treatment process. These additions were expected to effectively address and remove PPCPs that are resistant to conventional treatment methods. These research insights underscored the pressing need for improvements across the municipal wastewater treatment systems of Luzhou. Implementing the recommended changes will probably lead to a significant reduction in the ecological risks associated with TP and PPCPs, assuring that the quality of the effluent aligns with environmental standards.
- upper reaches of the Yangtze River /
- wastewater treatment plant /
- quality and risk characteristics /
- total phosphorus /
- PPCPs

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