中国东部城市环境大气颗粒物中SNA离子及其沉降情况

易明建; 李艺; 赵强; 姜永清; 仇俊霞

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202501017

中国东部城市环境大气颗粒物中SNA离子及其沉降情况

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202501017

易明建^1,2,
李艺^1, ,,
赵强¹,
姜永清¹,
仇俊霞¹

1. 安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院, 合肥 230601;
2. 安徽省环境污染控制与资源再利用重点实验室, 合肥 230601

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(41005016,41105031)

安徽建筑大学博士启动基金(2020QDZ31)

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0213806)

环境污染控制与废弃物资源化利用安徽省重点实验室开放课题(2022EPC07)

详细信息

作者简介:
易明建(1980-),男,博士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为大气污染与气候变化。mjyi@ustc.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李艺(1993-),女,硕士,助理工程师,主要研究方向为大气污染与气候变化。yili0426@163.com

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- 文章访问数: 11
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- 被引次数: 3
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-14
- 录用日期: 2024-04-18
- 修回日期: 2023-12-27
- 网络出版日期: 2025-03-21
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-21

SNA ions in urban ambient air particles and their deposition in eastern China

1. School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China;
2. Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Hefei 230601, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解中国东部地区细颗粒物中SNA离子的沉降特征差异,对2015—2022年中国东部地区98个城市的PM_2.5浓度数据,采用K-means算法进行分析,将其按照浓度由低到高归集为LPC、MPC和HPC三类。结果表明:几乎所有城市的PM_2.5日平均浓度均呈下降趋势,但不同分类属性的城市间差异显著,类型分布与区域位置密切相关。采用WRF/CAMx模式模拟了济南、郑州、合肥、南京、杭州、上海6个典型城市的颗粒物组分和干湿沉降速率,发现PM_2.5中重要的水溶性离子——SNA离子(NO₃^-、SO₄^2-、NH₄⁺)存在着显著的季节变化,1月MPC类型城市NO₃^-质量浓度为HPC、LPC城市的1.46~1.88倍,4,7,10月NO₃^-质量浓度下降且不同类别间的差异缩小;NH₄⁺的变化规律与NO₃^-相近;SO₄^2-浓度相对较低且差异最不显著。模拟结果表明,不同离子组分的湿沉降通量不仅与PM_2.5浓度及离子质量浓度相关,而且受降水量影响显著。干湿沉降作用可以持续和稳定地降低空气中的颗粒物浓度,特别是在污染过程后期其贡献更加显著。
- PM_2.5 /
- SNA离子 /
- WRF/CAMx模型 /
- 大气沉降 /
- 沉降通量
Abstract: To comprehend the disparities in the deposition characteristics of SNA ions in fine particulate matter in eastern China, this study initially utilized PM_2.5 concentration data from 98 cities in the region spanning from 2015 to 2022. The data underwent analysis via the K-means algorithm and were categorized into three groups: LPC, MPC, and HPC, based on ascending concentration levels. The findings revealed a decreasing trend in the daily average PM_2.5 concentration across most cities. However, noteworthy distinctions emerged among cities categorized under different attributes, with the distribution of types closely linked to regional location. The study employed the WRF/CAMx model to simulate particulate matter fractions and wet and dry deposition rates in six representative cities: Jinan, Zhengzhou, Hefei, Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Shanghai. It revealed significant seasonal variations in important water-soluble ions, namely SNA ions (NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, and NH₄⁺), within PM_2.5. Specifically, in January, the mass concentration of NO₃^- in MPC-type cities was approximately 1.46 to 1.88 times higher than that in HPC and LPC-type cities. However, this discrepancy decreased in April, July, and October, resulting in a narrowed difference between different categories. Similar patterns were observed for NH₄⁺, while SO₄^2- exhibited relatively lower concentration levels with the least significant differences. Furthermore, the simulation results indicated that wet deposition fluxes of various ionic components were not only correlated with PM_2.5 concentration and ion mass concentration but also significantly influenced by precipitation. Dry and wet deposition continuously and steadily reduced the concentration of particulate matter in the air, especially in the later stages of the pollution process. Its contribution was more significant. By comparing the difference in wet sedimentation flux and precipitation between different cities, it was concluded that SNA ion wet sedimentation flux was the result of the combined action of precipitation and ion mass concentration. The natural sedimentation process was one of the stable and continuous removal mechanisms of fine particles in the atmosphere. The dry sedimentation effect was more significant in northern cities, and the wet sedimentation effect was more frequent in southern cities. Later in the pollution process, the contribution of sedimentation became more prominent.
- PM_2.5 /
- SNA ions /
- WRF/CAMx model /
- atmospheric deposition /
- sedimentation flux

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