小微湿地控制城乡水污染:重庆梁平模式

陈国贵; 崔保山; 蔡燕子; 李冬雪; 宁中华; 余先怀; 王荣; 谢湉

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202502001

小微湿地控制城乡水污染:重庆梁平模式

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502001

陈国贵^1,3,
崔保山^1,2,,
蔡燕子^1,2,
李冬雪^1,2,
宁中华^1,2,
余先怀⁴,
王荣⁴,
谢湉^1,2,

1. 北京师范大学环境学院湿地环境保护与生态修复全国重点实验室, 北京 100875;
2. 黄河口湿地生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 山东东营 257509;
3. 北京师范大学珠海校区自然科学高等研究院, 广东珠海 519087;
4. 重庆市梁平区湿地保护中心, 重庆 405200

基金项目:

科技基础资源调查专项资助(2022FY100304)

国家林业和草原局应急揭榜挂帅项目(202302)

国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301001-04)

国家自然科学基金重点项目(42330705、U2243208、U1901212)

重庆梁平区湿地生态系统健康评估与保护修复策略项目

中国博士后科学基金(2022M720480)

详细信息

作者简介:
陈国贵,博士,主要从事湿地生态过程、环境响应和湿地修复等研究。1026992680@qq.com

通讯作者:
崔保山,博士,教授,长期从事河湖湿地生态过程和环境响应、生态水利和湿地修复等研究。cuibs@bnu.edu.cn
谢湉,博士,副教授,长期从事湿地生态修复等研究。tianxie@bnu.edu.cn

崔保山,博士,教授,长期从事河湖湿地生态过程和环境响应、生态水利和湿地修复等研究。cuibs@bnu.edu.cn
谢湉,博士,副教授,长期从事湿地生态修复等研究。tianxie@bnu.edu.cn

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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-12
- 录用日期: 2024-09-04
- 修回日期: 2024-08-02

Micro-wetlands control urban and rural water pollution: the Chongqing Liangping model

CHEN Guogui^1,3,
CUI Baoshan^{1,2
,},
CAI Yanzi^1,2,
LI Dongxue^1,2,
NING Zhonghua^1,2,
YU Xianhuai⁴,
WANG Rong⁴,
XIE Tian^{1,2
,}

1. State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
2. Yellow River Estuary Wetland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Education, Dongying 257509, China;
3. Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai 519087, China;
4. Chongqing Liangping District Wetland Protection Center, Chongqing 405200, China

摘要

摘要: 目前,小微湿地对城乡水体污染物的去除效率和影响因素仍不清楚。研究以重庆梁平小微湿地网络为研究对象,探讨小微湿地对城乡水体总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的去除率,并探究了地形和水文对去除率的影响。结果显示:小微湿地对TN和TP的平均去除率分别为46.86%和85.93%。农村地区小微湿地的TN去除率显著高于城市地区(56.95% vs. 45.19%;P<0.05),而农村地区小微湿地的TP去除率低于城市地区(68.04% vs. 92.94%;P<0.05)。小微湿地的营养物去除率与地表高程之间存在明显的驼峰关系。并且,水流速率和地形高程的交互作用对小微湿地的营养物去除存在显著正效应,比单一因素效应更为显著。小型湿地能应对营养径流,提供生态利益,增强生态弹性,并为资源有限区域提供可扩展经济方案,尤其在人口或农业密集区更显重要,因此对小型湿地的研究具有关键意义。该研究强调了在城乡地区管理非点源污染时,保护和恢复小型下水道、小型观赏池塘、小型混合渠道(河流和下水道)、小型农田(水稻和旱地土壤)和小型湖泊等小微湿地的重要性。
- 小微湿地 /
- 总氮 /
- 总磷 /
- 地形 /
- 城乡
Abstract: Currently, the removal efficiency of pollutants in urban and rural water bodies by small-scale wetlands, as well as the influencing factors, remains poorly understood. This study investigated the small-scale wetland network in Liangping, Chongqing to evaluate the efficiency of small-scale wetlands in removing total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from urban and rural water bodies. Additionally, it explored the effects of topography and hydrology on the nutrient removal process. The results revealed that small-scale wetlands achieved average removal efficiencies of 46.86% for TN and 85.93% for TP. In rural areas, the TN removal efficiency was significantly higher than in urban areas (56.95% vs. 45.19%; P<0.05), while the TP removal efficiency was lower in rural wetlands compared to urban wetlands (68.04% vs. 92.94%; P<0.05). Interestingly, a distinct hump-shaped relationship was observed between nutrient removal efficiency and surface elevation, suggesting an optimal elevation range for wetland performance. Moreover, the interaction between water flow rate and topographic elevation had a significantly positive effect on nutrient removal, outperforming the influence of individual factors. The importance of this study extends beyond its specific findings, as small-scale wetlands represent a critical yet often underutilized tool in sustainable water management. These ecosystems, including micro-drainage systems, ornamental ponds, mixed channels (rivers and sewers), agricultural lands (paddy fields and dryland soil), and small lakes, play an essential role in mitigating non-point source pollution. However, their small size and fragmented nature often result in their being overlooked in larger-scale water management strategies. Research into small-scale wetlands is vital for several reasons. First, they are uniquely positioned to address the challenges of nutrient runoff, particularly in densely populated or agriculturally intensive regions where traditional methods may be insufficient. Secondly, they provide numerous co-benefits, such as habitat provision for wildlife, flood mitigation, and carbon sequestration, enhancing the overall ecological resilience of urban and rural landscapes. Thirdly, these wetlands offer a scalable and cost-effective solution for areas with limited resources or space for large-scale interventions. This study underscores the need to integrate small-scale wetlands into urban and rural planning frameworks. By designing cascading wetland systems based on topographical and hydrological insights, it is possible to optimize nutrient removal processes while preserving the multifunctional benefits of these ecosystems. Future research should be focused on refining our understanding of the mechanisms driving nutrient removal, evaluating the long-term sustainability of such systems, and exploring innovative designs to maximize their ecological and economic values. The findings highlight the strategic importance of protecting and restoring small-scale wetlands as a cornerstone of water quality management and environmental conservation efforts.
- micro-wetland /
- total nitrogen /
- total phosphorus /
- topography /
- urban and rural area

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