表面流人工湿地植物茎上生物膜脱氮特性研究

赵怡蔚; 杨增浩; 徐洪斌; 李国强; 方颖珂

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202502005

表面流人工湿地植物茎上生物膜脱氮特性研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502005

郑州大学生态与环境学院, 郑州 450001

基金项目:

河南省交通厅科技项目(2023-4-4)

河南省重点研发专项(221111320900)

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究一期项目(2022-YRUC-01-050208-04)

2023年河南省专业学位研究生精品教学案例项目(YJS2023AL012)

2022年郑州大学教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2022ZZUJG250)

详细信息

作者简介:
赵怡蔚(2001-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为人工湿地。1095374054@qq.com

通讯作者:
徐洪斌(1974-),男,教授,主要研究方向为水处理及资源化技术。458199792@qq.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 108
- HTML全文浏览量: 31
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-01
- 录用日期: 2024-11-11
- 修回日期: 2024-09-18

Nitrogen removal performance and microbial biofilm on different plant stems in surface flow constructed wetlands

School of Ecology and Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

摘要

摘要: 微生物在人工湿地水质净化过程中起重要作用,表面流人工湿地的挺水植物茎上附着大量微生物,与湿地污水处理性能密切相关,但是目前针对植物茎上微生物的研究较少。搭建了由不同植物混合组成的表面流人工湿地系统(黄菖蒲+美人蕉、菖蒲+旱伞草),单个植物组成的1个表面流人工湿地(香蒲)研究其对污水中氮的净化效果,通过检测香蒲、菖蒲、美人蕉、旱伞草4种常见人工湿地植物茎上微生物多样性和群落结构,分析不同湿地植物茎上微生物群落的特异性,结合植物茎部异位性能测试,明晰茎上脱氮的微生物机制。结果表明:茎部微生物对硝态氮的去除贡献为0.25~0.6 mg/g鲜重,香蒲对于氨氮和硝态氮的去除效果最好,其茎部微生物在氮去除过程中的作用较大,贡献值达到0.58 mg/g鲜重,且其微生物群落的多样性和数量均高于其他植物。从污染物整体去除效果来看,选用黄菖蒲和美人蕉组合湿地为最佳处理组合,该湿地组合对氨氮去除率为83.8%,对总氮去除率为51.9%。湿地系统中存在的主要微生物群落组成相似,为Pseudomonas(假单胞菌属)、Chryseobacterium(金黄杆菌属)、Comamonas(丛毛单胞菌属)、Glutamicibacter(短杆菌属)、Aeromonas(气单胞菌属)等,系统中微生物通过协同作用,共同促进了人工湿地系统的水质净化功能。茎部微生物参与表面流人工湿地的净水过程对硝态氮去除的贡献值为0.2~1.0 mg/g鲜重,停留时间为70 h时,该贡献值达到最大。
- 表面流人工湿地 /
- 湿地植物 /
- 茎部微生物 /
- 脱氮 /
- 微生物多样性
Abstract: Microorganisms play a crucial role in the water purification process of constructed wetlands. In surface flow constructed wetlands, a large number of microorganisms are attached to the stems of emergent plants, which are closely related to wastewater treatment performance. However, research on the microorganisms on plant stems is still limited. This study established two surface flow constructed wetland systems composed of different plant mixtures (Iris pseudacorus + Canna indica, calamus + Cyperus alternifolius) and one surface flow constructed wetland composed of a single plant species(schoenoplectus), to investigate their nitrogen removal effects from wastewater. By examining the microbial diversity and community structure on the stems of four common wetland plants (Schoenoplectus, calamus, Canna and Cyperus alternifolius), the study analyzed the specificity of microbial communities on different wetland plants and clarified the microbial mechanisms of nitrogen removal in conjunction with the heterotrophic performance tests of plant stems. Results indicated that stem-associated microorganisms contributed approximately 0.25 to 0.6 mg/g fresh weight to the removal of nitrate nitrogen. Schoenoplectus exhibited the best removal efficiency for both ammonia and nitrate nitrogen, with its stem microorganisms contributing 0.58 mg/g, and its microbial community showing higher diversity and abundance than the other plants. From an overall pollutants removal perspective, the combination of Iris pseudacorus and Canna indica was identified as the optimal treatment combination, achieving an ammonia nitrogen removal rate of 83.8% and a total nitrogen removal rate of 51.9%. The predominant microbial communities present in the system were similar, including Pseudomonas, Chryseobacterium, Comamonas, Glutamicibacter, and Aeromonas. These microorganisms synergistically promoted the water purification function of the constructed wetland system. The contribution of stem microorganisms to the nitrate nitrogen removal in surface flow constructed wetlands was approximately 0.2 to 1.0 mg/g fresh weight, and reached its maximum value when the retention time was 70 hours.
- surface flow constructed wetlands /
- wetland plants /
- stem microorganisms /
- nitrogen removal /
- microbial diversity

HTML全文

参考文献(17)

[1]	朱彬,陈登美,康媞,等.生态滤池中植物对生活污水净化能力的影响及其微生物群落组成[J].环境工程,2020,38(11):85-90. ZHU B,CHEN D M,KANG T,et al.The Influence of wetland plants on purification abilities of ecofilter on urban sewage and it’s microbial community structure[J].Environmental Engineering,2020,38(11):85-90.
[2]	李文丽.沉水植物分解对沉积物——水界面氮磷迁移转化的影响[D].开封:河南大学. LI W L. Effects of Submerged Plant Decomposition on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Transfer and Transformation in Sediment-water Interface[D]. Kaifeng: Henan University.
[3]	高静湉,汤世科,刘哲铭,等.人工湿地各组分氮素削减定量及功能基因分析[J/OL].农业环境科学学报,1-14[2024-03-17 ]. GAO J T,TANG S K,LIU Z M, et al. Quantification of nitrogen reduction of each component in constructed wetland and functional gene analysis[J/OL]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,1-14[2024-03-17].
[4]	王礼霄.半人工湿地植物香蒲根系微生物群落的时空分异及构建过程[D].太原:山西大学,2022. WANG L X. Spatiotemporal Differentiation and Assembly Processes of Root Microbial Community of Typha orientalis in Semi-constructed Wetland[D]. Taiyuan: Shanxi University,2022.
[5]	TAO W D, HALL J K, DUFF J B S. Microbial biomass and heterotrophic production of surface flow mesocosm wetlands treating woodwaste leachate: responses to hydraulic and organic loading and relations with mass reduction[J].Ecological Engineering: the Journal of Ecotechnology,2007,31(2):132-139.
[6]	李馨.表面流人工湿地改善轻污染城市河道水质的试验研究与工程示范[D]. 南京:东南大学,2020. LI X. Experimental Research and Engineering Demonstration of Surface Flow Constructed Wetland to Lightly Polluted City River Purification[D].Southeast University, Jiangsu,2020.
[7]	陈楠楠.小球藻基于废水的异养发酵试验研究[D].南阳:南阳师范学院,2019. CHEN N N. Study on Heterotrophic Fermentation of Chlorella Based on Wastewater[D]. Nanyang Normal University,2019.
[8]	郑斐斐.污泥/香蒲生物炭强化人工湿地尾水深度处理效能及机制研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2022. ZHENG F F. Enhancement of constructed wetlands with sludge/cattail biochar for advanced treatment of tail water: efficacy and mechanism[D].Chongqing University,2022.
[9]	商侃侃,倪田品,张国威,等. 水平潜流人工湿地沿程脱氮效率[J]. 净水技术, 2020, 39(2): 134-139. SHANG K K, NI T P, ZHANG G W, et al. Efficiency of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland along water flow for nitrogen Removal[J]. Water Purification Technology,2020,39(2):134-139.
[10]	ZHANG C B, WANG J, Chang S X, et al. Responses of microbial activity and community metabolic profiles to plant functional group diversity in a full-scale constructed wetland[J]. Geoderma: An International Journal of Soil Science,2011,160(3/4): 503-508.
[11]	潘霞,叶舒帆,郑晓茶,等.4种植物组合对富营养化和重金属复合污染水体的净化效果[J].环境工程,2023,41(7):69-75. PAN X, YE S F, ZHENG X C, et al. Purification effect of four plant combinations on combined water pollution of eutrophication and heavy metals[J]. Environmental Engineering,2023,41(7):69-75.
[12]	殷峻,闻岳,周琪.人工湿地中微生物生态的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2007(1):114-116,126. YIN J, YUE Y, ZHOU Q. Microbial characteristics of constructed wetlands[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2007(1):114-116,126.
[13]	秦玉春,邹涛,张璇,等.氧氟沙星胁迫下5种湿地植物及其根系微生物群落的差异性响应[J].环境工程技术学报,2023,13(3):1079-1087. QIN Y C, ZOU T, ZHANG X, et al. Differential responses of five wetland plants and their root microbial communities under ofloxacin pollution stress[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2023,13(3):1079-1087.
[14]	CORNET L, WILMOTTE A, JAVAUX E J, et al. A constrained SSU-rRNA phylogeny reveals the unsequenced diversity of photosynthetic Cyanobacteria (Oxyphotobacteria)[J]. BMC Research Notes,2018,11(1).
[15]	何艳芸,冯民权,王毅博.不同植物类型的湿地系统氮磷去除效果及微生物多样性分析[J]. 水电能源科学, 2024, (3): 59-63. HE Y Y, FENG M Q, WANG Y B. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and microbial diversity analysis of wetland systems with different plant types[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2024 , (3):59-63.
[16]	魏渤惠,罗晓,吕鹏翼,等.高效异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌Glutamicibacter sp. WS1低温下对多种氮源的脱氮特性及氮代谢机制[J].环境科学,2023,44(9):5006-5016. WEI B H, LUO X, LV P Y, et al. Nitrogen removal characteristics and nitrogen metabolism mechanism of the efficient heterotrophic nitrifying-Aerobic denitrifying bacterium Glutamicibacter sp. WS1 at low temperature with various nitrogen sources[J]. Environmental Science,2023,44(9):5006-5016.
[17]	MURRAY S. Employing constructed wetlands to sustainably manage nutrient-bearing water: a review with an emphasis on soil behavior and effluent nutrient reduction[J]. Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 2020.DOI: 10.4236/gep.2020.89006.