基于空间换时间和水质模型反向推演的河流突发水污染应急技术研究

莫倩雯; 杨聪高; 阮虹嘉; 李贵弘; 朱秉强; 金伟; 黄斌; 潘学军

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202502011

基于空间换时间和水质模型反向推演的河流突发水污染应急技术研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502011

1. 昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 昆明 650093;
2. 昆明市生态环境工程评估中心(昆明市生态环境保护技术应用中心), 昆明 650200

基金项目:

云南省科技厅重大专项“高原浅水富营养化湖泊污染协同综合治理关键技术集成与示范”(202203AC100002-02)

详细信息

作者简介:
莫倩雯(1993-),女,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为生态环境工程与咨询。704243313@qq.com

通讯作者:
金伟(1987-),男,博士研究生,高级工程师,主要研究方向为环境规划与管理。20221207011@stu.kust.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-12
- 录用日期: 2025-01-14
- 修回日期: 2025-01-09

Research on emergency technology for sudden water pollution events in rivers based on space for time and water quality model reverse deduction

1. Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Kunming Ecological Environmental Engineering Assessment Center (Kunming Ecological Environment Protection Technology Application Center), Kunming 650200, China

摘要

摘要: 以昆明市境内长江上游一级支流普渡河(滇池口-海口段)为例,调查沿岸已有可用于突发水污染事件的应急空间与设施,分析其使用方法,根据风险源特点设置事件情形,建立河道污染物扩散输移数学模型,确定流域突发水污染事件最优应急响应方案。根据事故状态下污染物的量、该河流的水文特点,在确保下游保护目标水质达标的前提下,利用水质模型进行逆向推算,以确定所需启用的应急空间与设施的数量、启动顺序,以及临时应急设施所需的空间容积和位置。结果显示:设定模式下,需要启用河流沿岸海口桥梁Q1、闸坝Z1与坑塘T1联合、引水式电站Y、江心洲J组成应急空间,削减污染物。启用的应急空间可为应急响应留出24 min缓冲时间,污染团得到控制,不会造成西山区与安宁市交界处断面(泄漏点下游9500 m处)超标。该研究可为以普渡河为代表的高山河流突发水污染事件的应急方案制定提供科学参考。
- 应急技术 /
- 突发水污染事件 /
- 空间换时间 /
- 水质模型 /
- 应急空间与设施
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of emergency plans for the emergency water pollution events of alpine river watershed represented by the Pudu River Basin. Taking the Pudu River (Dianchi-Haikou Section), a first-level tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Kunming as an example, the emergency spaces and facilities available for water pollution emergencies along the riverside were investigated, and their use strategy was analyzed. The accident situation was set up according to the characteristics of risk sources, and the mathematical model of pollutant diffusion and transport in river channels was established to determine the optimal emergency response plan for water pollution emergencies in the river basin. According to the amount of pollutants in accident leakage, the hydrological characteristics of the river, and on the premise of ensuring the water quality of the downstream protection target complying with the standard, the water quality model was used for the reverse calculation to determine the number of needed emergency spaces and facilities, as well as the launching sequence, and the space volume and location required for temporary emergency facilities. The results showed that Haikou Bridge Q1, gate dam Z1, and pit T1 along the river, diversion power station Y, and island J should be applied to formulate the emergency spaces to reduce pollutants. The emergency space could set aside a 24-minute buffer time for emergency response, and the pollution clusters were controlled, to prevent excessive pollution levels in the protection target, the section at the junction of Xishan District and Anning City (9500 m downstream from the leak point).
- emergency technology /
- sudden water pollution event /
- space for time /
- water quality model /
- emergency space and facilities

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