畜禽粪污厌氧消化产甲烷效能的关键影响因素研究进展

孙广东; 马俊怡; 郝书; 董贺; 赵心茹; 柴强龙; 党岩

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202503010

畜禽粪污厌氧消化产甲烷效能的关键影响因素研究进展

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503010

孙广东^1,2,
马俊怡^1,2,
郝书^1,2,
董贺^1,2,
赵心茹^1,2,
柴强龙^1,2,
党岩^1,2, ,

1. 北京林业大学水体污染源控制技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 100083;
2. 北京林业大学污染水体源控与生态修复技术北京高校工程研究中心, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFC3207702）；国家自然科学基面上项目（52270023）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙广东（1993-），男，博士研究生，研究方向为有机固废厌氧生物处理和水污染控制。sunguangdong@bjfu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
党岩(1983-),男,教授,主要从事有机固废资源化能源化和废水低能耗处理领域研究。yandang@bjfu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-21
- 录用日期: 2025-02-18
- 修回日期: 2025-02-09
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-07
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-01

Research progress on key influencing factors of methane production efficiency in anaerobic digestion of livestock and poultry manure

SUN Guangdong^1,2,
MA Junyi^1,2,
HAO Shu^1,2,
DONG He^1,2,
ZHAO Xinru^1,2,
CHAI Qianglong^1,2,
DANG Yan^{1,2
, ,}

1. Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Research Center for Source Control & Eco-remediation of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 在畜禽养殖方式逐渐规模化的背景下，规模化养殖所产生的粪污具有集中排放量大、处置需求强的特点，这为利用厌氧消化技术处置畜禽粪污来实现沼气产量、产能效益最大化提供了契机，完全契合我国能源结构优化、碳中和等战略的需要。然而，由于畜禽粪污组分复杂、厌氧消化调控操作条件繁多以及技术自身反应速率限制等原因影响，厌氧消化技术在处置畜禽粪污过程中存在产气效率低、过程稳定性差的缺陷，掌握其产甲烷效能关键影响因素变得尤为重要。该文分析介绍了不同畜禽粪污的特性以及影响其厌氧消化产甲烷潜力的原因，综述了近年来畜禽粪污厌氧消化的温度、pH、氨氮等主要环境因子以及进料负荷、进料方式等外部调控因素对产甲烷效能、微生物群落丰度的影响研究，探讨了投加功能菌剂、导电材料等辅助方式对系统产甲烷效能提升的作用以及系统微生物的反馈机制，对后续的重点研究方向进行了展望，以期为未来的畜禽粪污厌氧消化技术理论研究与工程应用提供参考。
- 畜禽粪污 /
- 厌氧消化 /
- 产甲烷古菌 /
- 产甲烷潜力 /
- 导电材料
Abstract: Under the background of the gradual scale of livestock and poultry breeding methods， the generated manure has the characteristics of large centralized emissions and strong disposal demand， which provides an opportunity for the use of anaerobic digestion technology to dispose of livestock and poultry manure to achieve the production of biogas energy and maximize productivity benefits， which fully meets the strategic needs of China's energy structure optimization and carbon neutrality. However， due to the complex components of livestock and poultry manure， the various operating conditions of anaerobic digestion regulation， and the limitation of the reaction rate of the technology itself， there are defects of low gas production efficiency and poor process stability in the process of anaerobic digestion disposal of livestock and poultry manure， so it is particularly important to understand the key factors affecting its methanogenic efficiency. This paper analyzes and introduces the characteristics of different livestock and poultry manures and the reasons influencing their methane-producing potential through anaerobic digestion. It reviews the research on the impacts of major environmental factors such as temperature， pH， and ammonia-nitrogen， as well as external control factors such as feeding load and feeding methods on methane-producing efficiency and microbial community abundance in the anaerobic digestion of livestock and poultry manures in recent years. It also explores the roles of auxiliary methods， such as adding functional microbial agents and conductive materials in enhancing the methane-producing efficiency of the system and the feedback mechanisms of system microorganisms. Moreover， it looks ahead to the key research directions in the future， providing a reference for the theoretical research and engineering applications of anaerobic digestion technology for livestock and poultry manures in the future.
- manure from livestock and poultry /
- anaerobic digestion /
- methanogenic archaea /
- biochemical methane potential /
- conductive material

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