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水库水源周期性水质问题与近自然修复技术研究进展

文刚,  陈晓杰,  刘艺凯,  李凯,  吕颢祯,  司凡,  黄廷林

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文章导航 > 环境工程  > 2025 >  43(3): 147-166
文刚, 陈晓杰, 刘艺凯, 李凯, 吕颢祯, 司凡, 黄廷林. 水库水源周期性水质问题与近自然修复技术研究进展[J]. 环境工程, 2025, 43(3): 147-166. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503013
引用本文: 文刚, 陈晓杰, 刘艺凯, 李凯, 吕颢祯, 司凡, 黄廷林. 水库水源周期性水质问题与近自然修复技术研究进展[J]. 环境工程, 2025, 43(3): 147-166. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503013
shu
WEN Gang, CHEN Xiaojie, LIU Yikai, LI Kai, LV Haozhen, SI Fan, HUANG Tinglin. Research progress on periodic water quality problems of reservoir water sources and near natural restoration technologies[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(3): 147-166. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503013
Citation: WEN Gang, CHEN Xiaojie, LIU Yikai, LI Kai, LV Haozhen, SI Fan, HUANG Tinglin. Research progress on periodic water quality problems of reservoir water sources and near natural restoration technologies[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(3): 147-166. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503013
shu

水库水源周期性水质问题与近自然修复技术研究进展

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202503013

  • 1. 西安建筑科技大学 陕西省水污染控制与水质安全保障协同创作中心, 西安 710055;

  • 2. 西安建筑科技大学 陕西省环境工程重点实验室, 西安 710055;

  • 3. 西安建筑科技大学 西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055

基金项目: 

“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目“微污染水源近自然修复与水质原位调控研究及示范”（2022YFC3203600）

详细信息
    作者简介:

    文刚（1983-），男，教授，主要研究方向为饮用水源安全保障。hitwengang@163.com

    通讯作者:

    黄廷林(1962-),男,教授,主要研究方向为水源水质污染与富营养化控制、水处理理论与技术、水环境修复理论与技术、水工艺与工程系统优化理论与技术研究。huangtinglin@xauat.edu.cn

Research progress on periodic water quality problems of reservoir water sources and near natural restoration technologies

  • 1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;

  • 2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;

  • 3. Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China

    摘要
  • 摘要: 水库水源占全国全部水源的45%以上，然而水库水源地的水质存在的周期性污染问题，给供水水质安全带来了严峻挑战。详细分析了水库水源的周期性水质污染问题，主要包括重复季节性藻类暴发，嗅味及营养盐超标，铁、锰及有机污染负荷增加，以及综合因素导致的水生态失衡。从水动力条件变化形成水库热分层现象、底泥污染物释放、季节性暴雨径流和极端气候及其他因素等方面剖析了水库水源水质污染问题的成因。此外，综述了水库水源近自然修复技术的研究进展，包括水库水源水质自动监测与预测预警、平原河网水库藻类捕获拦截技术、基于生态位调控的产嗅藻原位控制技术、分层水库扬水曝气原位改善技术以及应对暴雨径流污染的排浊蓄清技术等。最后，对未来水库水源水质管理与近自然修复技术的发展进行了展望，以期为未来研究提供参考。
    Abstract: Reservoir water sources account for more than 45% of all water sources in China， but the water quality of reservoir water sources presents periodic pollution problems， posing serious challenges to the safety of water supply quality. This article provides a detailed analysis of the periodic water quality pollution issues in reservoir water sources， mainly including repeated seasonal algal blooms， excessive odor and nutrient levels， increased iron， manganese， and organic pollution loads， as well as water ecological imbalances caused by comprehensive factors. The causes of reservoir water source pollution are also analyzed from the aspects of reservoir thermal stratification， sediment pollutant release， seasonal rainstorm runoff， extreme climate， and other factors. In addition， this paper summarizes the research progress of near natural restoration technologies of reservoir water sources， including automatic monitoring and prediction and early warning of water quality of water source reservoirs， algae capture and interception technology of plain river network reservoirs， in-situ control technology of odoriferous algae based on niche regulation， improvement technology of lift aeration position of layered reservoirs， and turbidity storage technology to deal with rainstorm runoff pollution. Finally， this article provides a prospect for future development of water quality management and near natural restoration technologies for reservoir water sources， in order to provide a reference for future research.
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  • 收稿日期:  2025-01-19
  • 录用日期:  2025-02-17
  • 修回日期:  2025-02-12
  • 网络出版日期:  2025-06-07
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