改性生物炭控制农田降雨径流中磷排放研究

邱鹏; 张桐; 徐嘉威; 张小磊; 王宏杰; 李继

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202505004

改性生物炭控制农田降雨径流中磷排放研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202505004

邱鹏¹,
张桐²,
徐嘉威²,
张小磊^2, ,,
王宏杰²,
李继²

1. 中国市政工程西南设计研究总院有限公司, 广东深圳 518109;
2. 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳), 广东深圳 518055

基金项目:

深圳市科技创新委员会可持续发展项目“专2019N014 坪山河流域全天候水环境达标技术集成与应用示范”（KCXFZ202002011006362）

详细信息

作者简介:
邱鹏（1981—），男，高级工程师，给排水总工，主要研究方向为污水处理及面源污染。29706680@qq.com

通讯作者:
张小磊（1980—），女，副教授，主要研究方向为污废水处理技术及径流污染控制。xiaolei.zhang2016@foxmail.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-04
- 录用日期: 2024-02-10
- 修回日期: 2023-12-08
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Phosphorus emission control in rainfall-runoff from farmland by modified biochar

1. China Municipal Engineering Southwest Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518109, China;
2. Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, China

摘要

摘要: 深圳市某河流沿岸农田径流磷排放浓度较高，导致河流断面存在磷超标风险。以景观植物落叶生物质为原材料制备生物炭，并利用对植物无毒害性的Ca、Fe、Mg 3种金属对其改性，分别确定最优热解温度为500，400，600℃，依次制备3种金属改性生物炭CaBC500、FeBC400、MgBC600，并将其应用于控制实际农田降雨径流的磷排放。将金属改性生物炭作为填料应用于固定床处理实际农田雨水。结果表明：MgBC600的动态磷吸附容量最高，为61.20 mg/g；MgBC600/CaBC500两级串联固定床在实验初期有着更好的除磷效能，磷去除率稳定在70%以上。同时探究将金属改性生物炭直接掺杂于土壤中进行原位固磷，结果表明，最佳掺杂比为1%。降雨初期是整个降雨过程中磷浓度达到峰值的阶段，土壤掺杂FeBC400和MgBC600的固磷效果比较稳定，对降雨初期径流中磷的固定率分别达到70%以上和75%以上。当掺杂比为1%时，3种金属改性生物炭CaBC500、FeBC400、MgBC600的金属溶出浓度分别为3.553，0.003，4.013 mg/L，不会产生二次污染。
- 农田降雨径流 /
- 金属改性生物炭 /
- 吸附除磷 /
- 原位固磷
Abstract: The high concentration of phosphorus in farmland runoff along a river in Shenzhen leads to the risk of excessive phosphorus in the river section. Considering the characteristics of local rainy and dry seasons as well as short-term rainfall drainage， a metal-modified biochar-based phosphorus adsorption removal technology was proposed to control phosphorus in farmland rainfall-runoff. In this paper， the local abundant landscape plant deciduous biomass was used as the raw material， and the non-toxic metals Ca， Fe and Mg were used to modify it. The optimal pyrolysis temperatures were determined to be 500， 400 and 600 °C， and three metal-modified biochars （CaBC500， FeBC400， MgBC600） were prepared respectively. The metal-modified biochar was used as a filler to adsorb phosphorus in a fixed-bed reactor to treat the actual farmland runoff. The results showed that MgBC600 had the highest dynamic phosphorus adsorption capacity of 61.20 mg/g. The MgBC600/CaBC500 two-stage series fixed-bed reactor demonstrated better phosphorus removal efficiency in the early stage of adsorption. In addition， the metal-modified biochar was also mixed with soil to achieve the in situ phosphorus fixation. The results indicated an optimal doping ratio of 1%. The phosphorus fixation effects of FeBC400 and MgBC600 were relatively stable， and the fixation rate of phosphorus in the early precipitation was above 70% and 75%， respectively. The average concentrations of calcium ions， iron ions， and magnesium ions in the actual stormwater runoff were 1.771，0.159，1.773 mg/L， respectively， the concentrations of calcium ions and magnesium ions in the effluent water from the fixed bed increased slightly but remained below 5 mg/L， while the concentration of iron ions was consistently below 0.02 mg/L. The results demonstrated that the use of fixed beds with metal-modified biochar packing to control phosphorus in stormwater runoff achieved a low average concentration of dissolved metal ions and did not cause secondary pollution. At a doping ratio of 1%， the metal dissolution concentrations of the metal-modified biochar CaBC500， FeBC400， and MgBC600 were 3.553，0.003，4.013 mg/L， respectively， which didn't not cause secondary pollution.
- farmland rainfall-runoff /
- metal-modified biochar /
- phosphorus adsorption removal /
- in situ phosphorus fixation

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