铁改性生物炭对沼渣脱水性能的影响机制研究

朱靖; 杨雪; 陶红; 张微

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202505014

铁改性生物炭对沼渣脱水性能的影响机制研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202505014

上海理工大学环境与建筑学院, 上海 200093

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（52100151）

详细信息

作者简介:
朱靖（1997-），男，硕士，主要研究方向为餐厨垃圾厌氧消化。qazhujing@gmail.com

通讯作者:
张微（1988-），女，讲师，主要研究方向为有机固废资源化与能源化。zhangwei20145@usst.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-12
- 录用日期: 2024-03-08
- 修回日期: 2023-12-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Study on impact mechanism of iron-modified biochar addition on dewatering performance of food waste digestate

School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China

摘要

摘要: 沼渣含水率高且后续脱水处理困难是影响餐厨垃圾厌氧消化沼渣资源化利用的瓶颈问题。通过添加铁改性生物炭（Fe-BC）进行餐厨垃圾厌氧消化，探究厌氧消化过程中沼渣的脱水性能的变化趋势，明确铁改性生物炭提高沼渣脱水性能的机制。结果表明：与对照组相比，Fe-BC组第30天的甲烷累积产量提升了263.6%，归一化毛细吸水时间（NCST）降低了45.9%，与厌氧消化初期酸化阶段相比，胞外聚合物（EPS）稳定阶段蛋白质含量下降72.89%，并且EPS表面亲水性官能团羰基降低，EPS结构被破坏，促进结合水水分转化为游离水。此外，Fe-BC添加后Methanoculleus的丰度迅速增加，促进了EPS中有机物的降解；厌氧消化甲烷化阶段，氧代酰基还原酶（OR）和乙酰乳酸合成酶（AS）分别消耗了33.4%和43.6%，促进了挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）的分解，从而破坏了有机物与水分的结合作用，导致结合水含量下降，进而提高了沼渣脱水性能。研究结果可为Fe-BC在餐厨垃圾沼渣脱水中的作用机制提供参考。
- 餐厨厌氧沼渣 /
- 铁改性生物炭 /
- 脱水性能 /
- 微生物群落 /
- 酶
Abstract: The high moisture content of biogas residue and the difficulty in subsequent dewatering treatment are both the bottleneck issues affecting the anaerobic digestion of food waste and the resource utilization of biogas residue. This study investigated the changing trend in dewaterability of biogas residue during the anaerobic digestion of food waste with iron-modified biochar （Fe-BC） addition， and clarified the mechanism by which iron-modified biochar improved the dewaterability. The results showed that， compared to the control group， the methane accumulation production of the Fe-BC group increased by 263.6% on the 30th day， while the normalized capillary water absorption time （NCST） decreased by 45.9%. The highest volatile suspended solids degradation rate reached 36.7% in the Fe-BC group after anaerobic digestion. The adsorption capacity of biochar alleviated ammonia inhibition， and its larger specific surface area facilitated microbial attachment and growth. As a conductive material， Fe-BC facilitated the formation of microbial aggregates associated with electron transfer， thereby establishing an electron transfer network that promoted the growth of co-metabolizing methanogens. Methane bacteria hydrolyzed large organic molecules to induce effective decomposition of EPS. Compared with the initial acidification stage of anaerobic digestion， the protein content in extracellular polymeric substances （EPS） during the stable stage decreased by 72.89%， while the carboxyl and carbonyl groups on the surface of EPS decreased by 11.2% and 13.7%， respectively. The structure of EPS was disrupted， promoting the conversion of bound water to free water. The porous structure of biochar provided a large specific surface area， offering sites for microbial attachment and growth， increasing biomass， improving protein and polysaccharide degradation， weakening the water holding capacity of EPS significantly， and enhancing dehydration performance. Moreover， the addition of Fe-BC rapidly increased the abundance of Metanoculleus， destoryed this polymer structure， convered bound water into free water， and promoted the degradation of organic compounds in EPS； during the anaerobic digestion and methanation stage， oxygen acyl reductase （OR） and acetyllactate synthetase （AS） was consumed by 33.4% and 43.6%， respectively， promoting the decomposition of volatile fatty acids （VFAs）， thereby disrupting the binding effect between organic matter and water， resulting in a decrease in bound water content and improvement of biogas residue dewaterability. This research can provide a reference for the mechanism of Fe-BC in the dehydration of food waste biogas residue.
- food waste biogas residue /
- iron-modified biochar /
- dewaterability /
- microbial community /
- enzyme

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