添加塑料热解对芒萁生物炭稀土元素的影响

戴锦浩; 熊维彬; 陈志强; 林强; 胡文静; 谢炎敏

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202505016

添加塑料热解对芒萁生物炭稀土元素的影响

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202505016

1. 福建师范大学地理科学学院、碳中和未来技术学院, 福州 350108;
2. 福建省水土保持试验站, 福州 350003;
3. 长汀县水土保持事业局, 福建龙岩 366300

基金项目:

福建省水利科技项目“红壤侵蚀区典型生态清洁小流域水土流失治理SWAT模型构建与成效评估”；福建省水利科技项目“福建省茶果园水土保持优势地被植物筛选及其固碳效应研究”（MSK202309）

详细信息

作者简介:
戴锦浩（2004-），男，主要研究方向为自然资源与生态修复研究。1515577325@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈志强（1978-），男，博士，教授，主要研究方向为自然资源与生态修复研究。soiltuqiang061@163.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 68
- HTML全文浏览量: 24
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-07
- 录用日期: 2024-12-19
- 修回日期: 2024-12-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Effects of plastic addition on rare earth elements in Dicranopteris Pedata pyrolysis biochar

1. School of Geographical Sciences & Future Technology Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
2. Fujian Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station, Fuzhou 350003, China;
3. Changting County Soil and Water Conservation Bureau, Longyan 366300, China

摘要

摘要: 南方离子型稀土矿尾矿区的芒萁（DP）刈割废弃物存在巨大的稀土元素二次污染风险。将稀土超累积植物芒萁与4种塑料（PVC、PP、PE和PS）分别在目标温度梯度进行混合热解制得稀土生物炭，研究了芒萁及生物炭中稀土元素的含量、稀土元素形态、生物可利用性和浸出毒性，并进行稀土元素的生态风险评估。结果表明：热解能够将芒萁生物质稀土元素的不稳定态含量由60.51%降至15%以下，生物可利用性降低95%以上，从而降低固体残渣稀土元素的环境风险；添加4种塑料在600~800℃范围内热解，芒萁生物质稀土元素的不稳定态含量降至9%以内，生物可利用性降低至1%以下，浸出毒性降低80%，进一步降低了稀土元素的环境风险。因此，在一定目标温度下，将塑料与芒萁混合热解得到的稀土生物炭的异地施用不会带来新的环境风险，可实现芒萁刈割废弃物及其稀土元素的资源化、无害化利用。
- 芒萁 /
- 混合热解 /
- 稀土元素 /
- 形态分析 /
- 生态风险评价
Abstract: The harvesting waste of Dicranopteris Pedata in the tailing areas of ionic rare earth mines in southern China poses a huge risk of secondary pollution of rare earth elements.This study aims to explore the harmless utilization of the harvesting waste of Dicranopteris Pedata and its rare earth elements through co-pyrolysis with plastics. The rare earth hyperaccumulator Dicranopteris Pedata（DP） was co-pyrolyzed with four types of plastics （PVC， PP， PE， and PS） respectively at target temperature gradients to obtain biochar containing rare earth. The contents， speciation， bioavailability， and leaching toxicity of rare earth elements in Dicranopteris Pedata and biochar were studied， and an ecological risk assessment of rare earth elements was carried out. The results showed that pyrolysis could reduce the content of unstable forms of rare earth elements in the biomass of Dicranopteris Pedata from 60.51% to 15% below， decrease the bioavailability by more than 95%， and thus reduce the environmental risk of rare earth elements in solid residues. When the four types of plastics were added and pyrolyzed within the temperature range of 600 to 800℃， the proportions of unstable forms of rare earth elements in the biomass of Dicranopteris Pedata was reduced to within 9%， the bioavailability decreased to less than 1%， and the leaching toxicity was reduced by 80%， further reducing the environmental risk of rare earth elements. Therefore， the off-site application of rare earth biochar obtained by co-pyrolyzing plastics and Dicranopteris Pedata at a certain target temperature will not bring new environmental risks.
- Dicranopteris pedata /
- mixed pyrolysis /
- rare earth elements /
- morphological analysis /
- ecological risk assessment

HTML全文

参考文献(44)

[1]	WANG S，LI F D，ZHANG Q Y，ET AL. Pollution caused by mining reshaped the structure and function of bacterial communities in China’s largest ion-adsorption rare earth mine watershed[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2023，451:131221.
[2]	LIN Y，CHEN Z Q，CHEN Z B，et al. Supercompensated growth and purification effect of rare earth super-enriched plant Miscanthus sinensis under different mowing intensities[J]. Chinese Journal of Rare Earth Sciences，2023，41（5）:997-1005. 林榆，陈志强，陈志彪，等. 不同刈割强度下稀土超富集植物芒萁的超补偿生长及净化稀土效应[J]. 中国稀土学报，2023，41（5）:997-1005.
[3]	MOHSEN R，MOHAMMAD T R，FRIDA M，et al. Advancing phytomining:Harnessing plant potential for sustainable rare earth element extraction[J]. Bioresource Technology，2024，401:130751，
[4]	GUILLERMO G G，MARÍA Á M，MÓNICA C，et al. Environmental impact of different scenarios for the pyrolysis of contaminated mixed plastic waste[J]. Green Chemistry，2024，26（7）:3853-3862.
[5]	WU X P，ZHAO X L，HU J Y，et al. Occurrence and health risk assessment of toxic metals and rare earth elements in microalgae:Insight into potential risk factors in new sustainable food resources[J]. Food Chemistry:X，2024（23）:101697.
[6]	TOURNIER V，TOPHAM C M，GILLES A. An engineered PET depolymerase to break down and recycle plastic bottles[J]. Nature，2020，580（7802）:216-219.
[7]	WANG G Y. Research on pyrolysis characteristics and synergistic transformation of plastic solid waste[D]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University，2023. 王冠宇. 塑料固废热解特性及协同转化研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学，2023.
[8]	PONG E W. Research on the preparation of carbon materials by composite pyrolysis of biomass and polyvinyl chloride[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai University of Engineering Science，2020:6-9 庞尔伟. 生物质与聚氯乙烯复合热解制备碳材料的研究[D]. 上海:上海工程技术大学，2020:6-9.
[9]	YANG Y X，ZHONG Z P，ZHEN Z G，Et al. Hazard reduction of heavy metals by co-pyrolysis of modified vermiculite with paper mill sludge/municipal solid waste:Characterization，risk and reaction mechanism study in pyrolytic environment[J]. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis，2024，182:106725.
[10]	DENG Y C. Research on synergistic mechanism and process optimization of co-pyrolysis of waste plastics and biomass[D]. Chongqing:Chongqing University of Science and Technology，2022:7-8. 邓渝川. 废塑料与生物质共热解的协同作用机理与过程优化研究[D]. 重庆:重庆科技学院，2022:7-8.
[11]	WANG G，YU G W，XIE S Y，et al. Effect of mixed pyrolysis of different plastics and sludge on heavy metals in biochar[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology，2019，47（5）:611-620. 汪刚，余广炜，谢胜禹，等. 添加不同塑料与污泥混合热解对生物炭中重金属的影响[J]. 燃料化学学报，2019，47（5）:611-620.
[12]	CUI X，ZHANG J，PAN M. Double-edged effects of polyvinyl chloride addition on heavy metal separation and biochar production during pyrolysis of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2021，416（125793）:1-9.
[13]	ZHAO S S. Study on phosphorus adsorption properties of lanthanum modified rice husk charcoal[D]. Chongqing:Southwest University，2023:11-19 赵莎莎. 镧改性稻壳炭对磷吸附性能研究[D]. 重庆:西南大学，2023:11-19.
[14]	SARAHA M. Efficient removal mechanism of lanthanum modified magnetic biochar on water phosphate and its effect on nutrient cycling[D]. Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University，2022:9-22. SARAH A M. 镧改性磁性生物炭对水体磷酸盐的高效去除机制及对营养物质循环的作用[D]. 哈尔滨:东北农业大学，2022:9-22.
[15]	SCOTT D S，CZERNIK S R，PISKORZ J，et al. Fast pyrolysis of plastic wastes[J]. Energy Fuel，1990，4（4）:407-411.
[16]	CHEN S Q. Study on removal of heavy metals by biochar and plants[D]. Beijing:Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences，2024:24-33. 陈思琪. 生物炭、植物去除重金属的研究[D]. 北京:中国环境科学研究院，2024:24-33.
[17]	LI Z S，HU Z W，MEI C，et al. Effects of Combined Effects of Rice Straw Biochar and Bacillus cereus on Morphological Transformation of Heavy Metals and Microbial Community in Soil[J]. Environmental Engineering，2024，42（10）:165-176. 黎紫珊，胡志文，梅闯，等. 稻秆生物炭和蜡状芽孢杆菌联合作用对土壤重金属形态转化及微生物群落的影响[J]. 环境工程，2024，42（10）:165-176.
[18]	SUNGUR A，SOYLAK M，OZCAN H. Investigation of heavy metal mobility and availability by the BCR sequential extraction procedure:Relationship between soil properties and heavy metals availability[J]. Chemical Speciation& Bioavailability，2014，26（4）:219-230.
[19]	MAKOTO N，YUSUKE S，AKIKO Y，et al. Interpretation of vertical migration and enrichment processes of rare earth elements（REEs）in ion-adsorption-type mineralization in Japan based on REE speciation analyses[J]. Chemical Geology，2024，670:122431.
[20]	LI J，PAN L J，YU G W，et al. Preparation of adsorbed ceramsite from sludge biochar[J]. Environmental Science，2017，38（9）:3970-3978. 李杰，潘兰佳，余广炜，等. 污泥生物炭制备吸附陶粒[J]. 环境科学，2017，38（9）:3970-3978.
[21]	ZAPUSEK U，LESTAN D. Fractionation，mobility and bio-accessibility of Cu，Zn，Cd，Pb and Ni in aged artificial soil mixtures[J]. Geoderma，2009，154（1/2）:164– 169.
[22]	CHEN H B，CHEN Z B，CHEN Z Q，et al. Calculation of toxicity coefficient of potential ecological risk assessment of rare earth elements[J]. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination Toxicology，2020，104（5）:582-587.
[23]	LI Y H，YU R L，ZHANG R Q，et al. Ecological risks and sources of rare earth elements in atmospheric dust reduction in typical cities on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait:analysis based on neodymium isotope MixSIAR model[J]. China Environmental Science，2023，43（11）:5663-5670. 李依鸿，于瑞莲，张瑞琦，等. 海峡西岸典型城市大气降尘稀土元素生态风险及来源:基于钕同位素MixSIAR模型解析[J]. 中国环境科学，2023，43（11）:5663-5670.
[24]	ZHENG F，LI H W，LIN F W，et al. Pyrolysis characteristics and pollutant release characteristics of oil sludge at the bottom of Daqing tank[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress，2022，41（1）:476-484 郑发，李浩文，林法伟，等. 大庆罐底油泥热解特性及污染物释放特性[J]. 化工进展，2022，41（1）:476-484.
[25]	GAO N，KAMRAN K，MA Z，et al. Investigation of product distribution from co-pyrolysis of side wall waste tire and off-shore oil sludge[J]. Fuel，2021，285:119036.
[26]	CHEN H，WANG J X，ZHANG H L，et al. Insights into the char-production mechanism during co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic wastes[J]. Energy，2024，312:133642.
[27]	LU P，HUANG Y X，BOURTSALAS A C，et al. Synergistic effects on char and oil produced by the co-pyrolysis of pine wood，polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride[J]. Fuel，2018（230）:359-367.
[28]	WANG X，MA D，JIN Q，et al. Synergistic effects of biomass and polyurethane co⁃pyrolysis on the yield，reactivity，and heating value of biochar at high temperatures[J]. Fuel Processing Technology，2019，194:106127.
[29]	LI H L，PANG Y J，YANG C，et al. Study on the influence of Ni/La₂O₃/CeO₂ composite catalysts on the characteristics and stability of biomass pyrolysis components.[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering，2024，12（5）:113879.
[30]	LI W，CHEN J，BAI Z Q，et al. Study on the co-pyrolysis interactions and chlorine migration behaviors of polyvinyl chloride and Hami coal[J]. Fuel，2024，376:132735.
[31]	XU Y Y，ZOU H X，GAO Y，et al. Study on the effects of aging on the pyrolysis of plastic and the synergistic mechanisms of co-pyrolysis with lignite[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute，2024:101886.
[32]	LI W J，MENG J，ZHANG Y L，et al. Co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and metal-free/metal-loaded polyvinyl chloride（PVC）microplastics improved biochar properties and reduced environmental risk of heavy metals[J]. Environmental Pollution，2022，302:119092.
[33]	CHANG X Y，WU P F，CHU Y Z，et al. Pyrolysis-induced migration and transformation of heavy metals in sewage sludge containing microplastics[J]. Waste Management，2024，189:401-409.
[34]	LIU Y N，GUO X M，ZHOU M，et al. Speciation and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in sludge of Luoyang Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering，2017，11（2）:1217-1222 刘亚纳，郭旭明，周鸣，等. 洛阳城市污水处理厂污泥中重金属形态及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 环境工程学报，2017，11（2）:1217-1222.
[35]	TENG W，YOU Z，LIAO Y F，et al. Characteristics of heavy metal migration in the gasification-combustion process of rural solid waste:Influencing factors and mechanisms[J]. Waste Management，2024，190:350-359.
[36]	GUO Z C，ZHOU W H，LIU Y X，et al. Effect of pyrolysis temperature on migration characteristics of heavy metals during biomass pyrolysis[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute，2024，117:101840.
[37]	LI Z Y，HUANG Y J，ZHAO J Q，et al. Characteristics of heavy metals co-pyrolysis of sludge with polyvinyl chloride[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress，2023，42（9）:4947-4956. 李志远，黄亚继，赵佳琪，等. 污泥与聚氯乙烯共热解重金属特性[J]. 化工进展，2023，42（9）:4947-4956.
[38]	YAO J G，LIU H C，HUANG Y Q，et al. Study on co-pyrolysis and Cl release characteristics of PVC and lignocellulose[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology，2023，51（7）:939-948. 姚佳桂，刘华财，黄艳琴，等. PVC和木质纤维素共热解及Cl释放特性研究[J]. 燃料化学学报（中英文），2023，51（7）:939-948.
[39]	WANG Q，SONG C，HAO H Q，et al. Full recycling of MgCl2 wastewater generated in rare earth extraction and separation process by spray pyrolysis[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection，2024，183:544-554.
[40]	LU C C，MING H H，LIN Y P. Evaluation of heavy metal leachability of incinerating recycled aggregate and solidification/ stabilization products for construction reuse using TCLP，multi-final pH and EDTA-mediated TCLP leaching tests[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2019，368:336-344.
[41]	ZHANG J，WANG S，XU J L，et al. Comparison of ashing and pyrolysis treatment on cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulator plant:Effects on bioavailability and metal speciation in solid residues and risk assessment[J]. Environmental Pollution，2021，272:116039.
[42]	HAO H C，CHEN S，HU Z Y，et al. Effects of different low-temperature pyrolysis treatments on the biotoxicity of biochar derived from tobacco stalks[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering，2024，12（6）:114474.
[43]	ANTONIADIS V，SHAHEEN S M，LEVIZOU E，et al. A critical prospective analysis of the potential toxicity of trace element regulation limits in soils worldwide:Are they protective concerning health risk assessment？:A review[J]. Environment International，2019，127:819-847.
[44]	LONG X X，YU Z N，LIU S W，et al. A systematic review of biochar aging and the potential eco-environmental risk in heavy metal contaminated soil[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials，2024，472:134345.