直接空气捕集二氧化碳技术研究进展

向小凤; 邵亚茹; 高荣泽; 王志超; 晋中华; 王利民; 车得福

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202505020

直接空气捕集二氧化碳技术研究进展

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202505020

1. 电站锅炉煤清洁燃烧国家工程中心(西安热工研究院有限公司), 西安 710000;
2. 陕西省燃煤电站锅炉环保工程技术研究中心, 西安 710000;
3. 西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室, 西安 710000

基金项目:

一般项目-社会发展领域“固态胺吸附二氧化碳直接捕集技术研究”（2023-YBSF-140）；科研基金项目“固态胺吸附法直接空气碳捕集技术工业化前期研究”（TD-23-TYK01）

详细信息

作者简介:
向小凤（1980-），女，高级工程师，主要研究方向为空气污染物排放控制及清洁能源技术研究。xiangxiaofeng@tpri.com.cn

通讯作者:
王利民（1988-），男，副教授，主要研究方向为二氧化碳捕集分离技术及系统开发。liminwang@xjtu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-02-01
- 录用日期: 2024-07-09
- 修回日期: 2024-03-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Research progress of direct air capture technology for CO₂

1. National Engineering Research Center of Clean Coal Combustion for Utility Boilers, Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710000, China;
2. Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Coal Fired Boiler Environmental Protection, Xi'an 710000, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710000, China

摘要

摘要: 直接空气捕集（DAC）技术近年来备受瞩目，其灵活的布置、简便的操作以及适用于分布式和点源碳排放的特点，使其在碳捕集领域脱颖而出。为了更充分地挖掘各项DAC技术在工程实践中的潜力，对多种直接空气捕集技术进行了系统综述，深入探讨了不同DAC技术的原理和发展历程。归纳总结了液体直接空气捕集技术、固体直接空气捕集技术、新兴直接空气捕集技术的优缺点，浅析了不同技术目前发展所面临的问题，提出了适用于不同技术的解决方案，以推动各项DAC技术在实际应用中的更广泛应用。此外，对各种DAC技术使用的捕集材料进行了综述，对比分析了多种捕集材料在再生温度、再生能耗、容量等方面的特点，可为DAC技术的未来发展以及商业化应用提供详实的数据参考。
- 液体DAC技术 /
- 固体DAC技术 /
- 新兴DAC技术 /
- 再生能耗 /
- 容量
Abstract: Direct air capture （DAC） technology has attracted extensive attention in recent years due to its flexible layout， simple operation， and suitability for distributed and point-type carbon emission source capture processes. In order to clarify the DAC technology's application potential in engineering， this paper systematically reviewed the principles and development route of different DAC technologies， summarized the advantages and disadvantages of liquid-based， solid-based， and emerging DAC technologies， analyzed the challenges in their development， and put forward solutions tailored to each technology. The capture materials used in various DAC technologies were briefly reviewed， and the characteristics of these materials in terms of regeneration temperature， renewable energy consumption， and capacity were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the emerging direct air capture technology reduced costs to some extent and was successfully verified in the laboratory. Before large-scale industrial application， issues such as the development of highly selective membrane materials，electrolyzer stability， and the development of efficient electrolyte systems should be solved first.
- liquid-based DAC technology /
- solid-based DAC technology /
- emerging DAC technology /
- renewable energy consumption /
- capacity

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