城市污泥水热碳化重金属的迁移转化和生态毒性研究

王航; 陈祥; 王先恺; 李锟; 乔雪园; 刘枫; 刘阳生

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202506008

城市污泥水热碳化重金属的迁移转化和生态毒性研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202506008

王航^1,2,
陈祥^1,2,
王先恺^1,2,
李锟^1,2,
乔雪园^1,2,
刘枫^1,2,
刘阳生^3, ,

1. 长江经济带生态环境国家工程研究中心, 武汉 430014;
2. 中国长江三峡集团有限公司长江生态环境工程研究中心, 北京 100038;
3. 北京大学环境科学与工程学院, 北京 100871

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划“长江经济带典型城市多源污泥协同处置集成示范”（2020YFC1908700）；中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目“基于低碳理念的城市水环境治理关键技术研究及综合示范”（NBWL202300013）；“长江中下游圩畈地区城市智慧水管家关键技术研究与示范”（NBWL202300014）

详细信息

作者简介:
王航（1992—），女，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为固废处理与资源化利用。387780661@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘阳生（1968—），男，教授，主要研究方向为固废处理与资源化利用。yshliu@pku.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-06-18
- 录用日期: 2024-07-14
- 修回日期: 2024-06-27

Migration， transformation and ecotoxicity of heavy metals of the hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge

WANG Hang^1,2,
CHEN Xiang^1,2,
WANG Xiankai^1,2,
LI Kun^1,2,
QIAO Xueyuan^1,2,
LIU Feng^1,2,
LIU Yangsheng^{3
, ,}

1. National Engineering Research Center for Ecological Environment of Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan 430014, China;
2. Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, China;
3. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

摘要

摘要: 城市污泥经过水热碳化处理可实现减量化和无害化。通过实验探究水热碳化的反应温度、反应时间和反应介质对污泥水热炭中重金属性质的影响，分析城市污泥水热碳化过程中重金属的迁移转化机制和生态毒性评价。结果表明：经过水热碳化处理后，污泥中的重金属大部分被富集在水热炭中，从不稳定态F1/F2/F3转化为相对稳定态F4/F5，其稳定化程度与反应强度呈正相关，其中反应温度对重金属形态转化的影响更为显著。通过RAC生态风险指标评价可知：中性反应条件下，除了Mn仍处于中等风险水平外，其余重金属的生态毒性均降至低风险水平。采用2% H₂SO₄作为反应介质，则220 ℃水热碳化1 h为最佳条件，此时水热炭中所有重金属的生态毒性均降至低风险水平。此外，污泥经过水热碳化处理，其SPLP、TCLP和PBET浸出毒性均降低，并满足GB 5085.3—2007《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》和GB 16889—2008《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》相关要求，有利于安全妥善处置。
- 城市污泥 /
- 水热碳化 /
- 水热炭 /
- 重金属 /
- 生态毒性
Abstract: This study explored the impact of hydrothermal carbonization（HTC） reaction conditions， including reaction temperature， reaction time， and reaction medium on the properties of HMs in sewage sludge. Experimental investigations demonstrated that HTC enriched HMs in the hydrochar， transforming them from unstable fractions （F1/F2/F3） to more stable fractions （F4/F5）. The stabilization degree correlated positively with reaction intensity， with temperature playing a more significant role. The results revealed that HTC greatly reduced the ecological toxicity of HMs. Under neutral conditions， Zn， Cu， Cr， and Ni exhibited low risk levels， while Mn remained at a medium level. The use of 2% H₂SO₄ as the reaction medium at 220°C for 1 hour was identified as the optimal condition， wherein all HMs in the hydrochar achieved low-risk levels. Furthermore， HTC also reduced leaching toxicity， as measured by SPLP， TCLP， and PBET. This suggests that HTC is a promising technology for the safe and effective disposal of sewage sludge， as it transforms sludge into a low-risk material. The comprehensive analysis of HMs migration， transformation， and ecotoxicity under different HTC conditions provides valuable insights for future research and practical applications.
- sewage sludge /
- hydrothermal carbonization /
- hydrochar /
- heavy metals /
- ecological toxicity

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