生活垃圾SRF制备工艺的生命周期环境影响评价

齐佳楠; 王欢; 李兵; 刘海威

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202506022

生活垃圾SRF制备工艺的生命周期环境影响评价

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202506022

中国恩菲工程技术有限公司, 北京 100038

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划“区域多源固废循环利用智慧决策平台建设及应用验证”（2023YFC3902804）

详细信息

作者简介:
齐佳楠（1994—），男，博士，主要研究方向为固废资源化利用技术。qijn@enfi.com.cn

通讯作者:
刘海威（1968—），男，教授级高工，主要研究方向为废弃物资源化利用技术。liuhw@enfi.com.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-23
- 录用日期: 2024-09-18
- 修回日期: 2024-08-30

Life cycle environmental impact assessment for MSW-SRF preparation processes

China Enfi Engineering Group, Beijing 100038, China

摘要

摘要: 为了明确生活垃圾制备SRF进行焚烧发电的环境影响，揭示不同SRF制备工艺所造成的环境影响差异，利用OpenLCA软件对机械分选、生物干化、高压挤压-生物干化3种典型短流程工艺制备的SRF进行生命周期评价，同时以生活垃圾焚烧发电的生命周期评价作为对照。以1 t生活垃圾为功能单位，采用ReCiPe 2016环境评价方法，从人体健康损害、生态系统破坏和资源消耗3方面考察不同工艺制备SRF的环境影响，分析造成各类环境影响的主要生命周期过程。结果表明：SRF焚烧对环境的危害主要由焚烧烟气中CO₂和污染物排放造成，而物料运输和SRF制备等过程的环境影响较小。SRF焚烧发电造成的主要环境危害由气候变化和颗粒物形成，对环境保护的效益体现在陆地生态毒性和化石能源消耗的减少。3种SRF制备工艺中，高压挤压-生物干化工艺的环境危害程度最低。相比于生活垃圾直接焚烧发电，高压挤压-生物干化SRF焚烧发电可减少11.7%的人体健康损害，减少462.4%的生态系统破坏，资源的节约程度提升81.4%。
- 生活垃圾 /
- 固体回收燃料 /
- 环境影响 /
- 生命周期评价 /
- 焚烧
Abstract: In recent years， along with the advancement of circular economy construction and the elevation of solid waste harmless treatment， a series of projects producing solid recovered fuel （SRF） from municipal solid waste（MSW） have been successively launched in China. In order to clarify the environmental impacts of MSW-SRF incineration for power generation and to reveal the difference in environmental impacts caused by different SRF preparation processes， OpenLCA software was used to conduct a "cradle-to-grave" life cycle assessment of SRF prepared by three typical short processes： mechanical separation， biological drying and high-pressure extrusion-biological drying. At the same time， the life cycle assessment of MSW incineration for power generation was also carried out as a comparison. Taking 1 ton of MSW as the functional unit， the ReCiPe 2016 method was applied to evaluate the life cycle environmental impacts of SRF incineration from 3 aspects： human health damage， ecosystem damage， and resource consumption. Additionally， the key life cycle processes contributing to these environmental impacts were revealed. The results showed that the environmental impacts of SRF incineration were mainly caused by the emission of CO₂ and pollutants in the incineration flue gas， while the environmental impacts of material transportation and SRF preparation were relatively insignificant. The main environmental impacts caused by SRF incineration power generation were climate change and particulate matter formation， while the environmental benefits included reduced terrestrial ecological toxicity and lower fossil energy consumption. Among the three SRF preparation processes， the high-pressure extrusion-biological drying process was the least harmful to the environment. Compared with the direct incineration of MSW， the high-pressure extrusion-biological drying SRF incineration could reduce the damage to human health by 11.7%， reduced the ecosystem damage by 462.4%， and increase the resources saving effect by 81.4%. The result revealed the environmental impacts of various processes for MSW-SRF preparation， providing data support and theoretical basis for the selection and optimization of MSW-SRF production processes.
- MSW /
- SRF /
- environmental impacts /
- life cycle assessment /
- incineration

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