粉末状镧系除磷吸附剂的流化特性研究及应用

吴煜楷; 王左贝; 杨杰; 陈民权; 刘舒妍; 陈晶琳; 陈少华; 王维; 叶欣

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202507015

粉末状镧系除磷吸附剂的流化特性研究及应用

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507015

吴煜楷^1,2,
王左贝^3,4,
杨杰³,
陈民权²,
刘舒妍²,
陈晶琳²,
陈少华²,
王维³,
叶欣^2, ,

1. 福州大学环境与安全工程学院, 福州 350108;
2. 中国科学院城市环境研究所先进环境装备和污染防治技术全国重点实验室, 福建厦门 361021;
3. 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所功能纳米结构设计与组装重点实验室, 福州 350002;
4. 福建师范大学化学与材料学院, 福州 350117

基金项目:

中国科学院青年创新促进会专项基金（2021302，2021305）；福建物构所与城市环境所融合发展基金培育项目（RHZX-2019-003）

详细信息

作者简介:
吴煜楷（1998—），男，硕士，主要研究方向为水污染控制与技术。ykwu@iue.ac.cn

通讯作者:
叶欣（1985—），男，副研究员，主要研究方向为水污染控制与资源化。xye@iue.ac.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-20
- 录用日期: 2024-08-02
- 修回日期: 2024-06-22
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Fluidization characteristics and application of powdered La adsorbent for phosphorus removal

1. School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology, Institute of Urban Environment, CAS, Xiamen 361021, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, CAS, Fuzhou 350002, China;
4. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China

摘要

摘要: 吸附法是处理含磷污水的重要方法之一，具备效率高、无污泥产生等优点。性能优异的除磷吸附剂多呈粉末状，直接采用常规的固定床反应器易造成短流和堵塞，还可能因床层压力过大导致反应器崩裂，影响吸附剂的吸附性能和工艺的运行稳定性。基于此，尝试以流化吸附替代固定吸附，探索流化床作为磷吸附反应器的可行性，以粉末状的镧系硅藻土复合除磷吸附剂La₂（CO₃）₃@Dia为研究对象开展流化实验，通过测定吸附剂的最小流化速度、带出速度和膨胀率等流化参数，明确粉末状吸附剂的流化特性，基于Ergun方程拟合适用于粉末状吸附剂的流化参数方程，并进一步探究了上升流速对粉末状吸附剂除磷性能及流失的影响。研究结果表明：控制微流化床管径＞10 mm可有效避免壁面摩擦对粉末状吸附剂流化参数测定的影响；针对粉末状吸附剂，最小流化速度和带出速度的最佳预测公式分别为基于Ergun的系数修正式与普拉诺夫斯基通用式；流化吸附实验结果表明，将上升流速控制在最小流化速度与带出速度之间，La₂（CO₃）₃@Dia的平均饱和吸附量可达到最大吸附量的79.4%，吸附剂平均流失率为11.3%。研究初步论证了流化床作为磷吸附反应器的可行性，可为粉末状吸附剂的吸附工艺的拓展及实际应用提供理论指导和数据支持。
- 流化吸附 /
- 粉末状吸附剂 /
- 最小流化速度 /
- 带出速度 /
- 公式拟合
Abstract: Adsorption is a prominent and highly effective method for managing wastewater that contains phosphorus：a nutrient that can cause eutrophication in water bodies. This process is particularly advantageous due to its high efficiency and the fact that it does not generate sludge， which is a common byproduct of other wastewater treatment methods. However， the use of powdered adsorbents，though often the most effective for phosphorus removal，poses challenges in traditional fixed-bed reactors. These challenges include flow interruptions， blockages， and the risk of reactor collapse due to the pressure exerted by the bed， all of which can significantly degrade the adsorbent's adsorption efficiency and the process's operational stability. In light of these issues， this study proposed a shift from fixed-bed adsorption to fluidized-bed adsorption as a potential solution. The fluidized-bed approach was investigated for its feasibility as a phosphorus adsorption reactor， using La₂（CO₃）₃-diatomite composites （La₂（CO₃）₃@Dia） as the adsorbent. The fluidization characteristics of this powdered adsorbent were scrutinized in a fluidized-bed setup， with key parameters such as the minimum fluidization velocity and terminal velocity being measured. These parameters are crucial for understanding the adsorbent’s behavior in the fluidized bed and optimizing reactor design. To derive a suitable fluidization parameter equation for the powdered adsorbent， the Ergun formula was employed—a widely accepted model for predicting the pressure drop across a packed bed， and by extension， the behavior of fluidized beds. The study further examined the effects of upward flow velocity on both phosphorus removal efficiency and adsorbent loss. It was found that maintaining the micro-fluidized bed diameter above 10 mm was beneficial， as it minimized the impact of wall friction on the measurement of the powdered adsorbent's fluidization parameters. The study derived optimal prediction formulas for both the minimum fluidization velocity and terminal velocity of powdered adsorbents， based on Ergun's coefficient correction formula and Planowski's universal formula， respectively. The experimental results of the fluidized adsorption experiments are promising： by controlling the upward flow velocity between the minimum fluidization velocity and the extraction velocity， the La₂（CO₃）₃@Dia composites achieved an average saturated adsorption capacity of 79.4% of their maximum capacity. Furthermore， the average adsorbent loss rate was measured at 11.3%， representing a significant improvement over fixed-bed reactor limitations. In conclusion， this study provides preliminary evidence supporting the use of fluidized beds as phosphorus adsorption reactors. It offers valuable theoretical guidance and empirical data to advance the practical implementation of powdered adsorbent absorption processes. By addressing the challenges associated with powdered adsorbents in fixed-bed reactors， this research contributes to the development of more efficient and stable wastewater treatment technologies that can help mitigate the environmental impacts of phosphorus pollution.
- fluidized-bed adsorption /
- powdered adsorbent /
- minimum fluidization velocity /
- terminal velocity /
- equation fitting

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