考虑优势渗透条件下的溶质运移特征模拟研究

王鑫; 程钰鑫; 胡佳晨; 刘磊; 王俊光

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202507017

考虑优势渗透条件下的溶质运移特征模拟研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507017

王鑫^1,2,3,
程钰鑫^2,3,
胡佳晨⁴,
刘磊^1,2,3, ,,
王俊光¹

1. 辽宁工程技术大学力学与工程学院, 辽宁阜新 123000;
2. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所, 武汉 430064;
3. 岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室, 武汉 430064;
4. 上海康恒环境修复有限公司, 上海 201700

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划“区域环境安全保障技术与锰基固废系统解决方案”（2022YFC3901205）

详细信息

作者简介:
王鑫（1997—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为地下水模拟与渗流理论。3285129030@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘磊（1982—），男，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为环境岩土。lliu@whrsm.ac.cn

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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-21
- 录用日期: 2025-01-20
- 修回日期: 2025-01-05
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

A simulation study on solute transport characteristics under preferential permeability conditions

WANG Xin^1,2,3,
CHENG Yuxin^2,3,
HU Jiachen⁴,
LIU Lei^{1,2,3
, ,},
WANG Junguang¹

1. College of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China;
2. Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Wuhan 430064, China;
4. Shanghai SUS Environment Co. Ltd., Shanghai 201700, China

摘要

摘要: 地下介质的非均质性显著影响溶质迁移规律，是地下水污染防治和水资源管理中的核心科学问题。围绕非均质介质中的优先流通道和基质死区效应，构建了双重渗透模型（DPM）及其改进模型（DPMIM）。DPM区分了裂隙域和基质域，能够描述复杂介质中的溶质迁移特征；DPMIM进一步考虑了基质死区效应，使得对滞留与缓释现象的模拟能力得到提升。基于现场注抽示踪试验数据，初步验证了这2种模型在捕捉非均质效应下溶质迁移行为的可靠性。结果表明：DPM和DPMIM在模拟溶质前锋效应和浓度尾迹特征方面较单区模型具有显著优势，尤其是DPMIM能够通过考虑死区效应延长浓度衰减时间，强化溶质的滞留与缓释过程。参数灵敏性分析显示：渗透系数比值、裂隙域体积分数以及基质与裂隙之间的交换系数是影响溶质迁移的重要参数，需在大尺度预测中重点考虑。研究结果深化了对非均质介质中溶质迁移机制的认识，为地下水污染防治与水资源管理提供了理论依据和模型工具。
- 双重渗透模型 /
- 基质死区 /
- 溶质运移 /
- 优先流 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: The heterogeneity of subsurface media profoundly influences solute transport processes， posing a critical challenge in groundwater pollution control and sustainable water resource management. Subsurface heterogeneity manifests through features such as preferential flow paths， matrix diffusion， and stagnant zones， all of which contribute to non-uniform transport behavior. These complexities challenge traditional single-porosity models， which assume homogeneous properties and uniform transport， often leading to inaccurate predictions of solute migration. Recognizing these limitations， this study develops and applies a dual-permeability model （DPM） and an improved dual-permeability model （DPMIM） to enhance the understanding and simulation of solute transport in heterogeneous conditions.The DPM divides the subsurface into two domains： fractures， which serve as primary conduits for rapid flow， and the matrix， where slower transport is dominated by diffusion and retention processes. This dual-domain approach captures the interplay between fast and slow flow regimes， providing a more accurate representation of solute transport in fractured and heterogeneous media. Building upon this foundation， the DPMIM incorporates matrix dead zones，stagnant or low-permeability regions within the matrix that can temporarily trap solutes. These dead zones are critical for simulating prolonged solute retention， delayed release， and extended concentration tailing， all of which are observed in real-world systems but poorly represented in traditional models.Field-scale injection-withdrawal tracer tests were conducted in a heterogeneous subsurface environment to validate the models. These tests generated detailed datasets of solute transport dynamics， which were used to compare the performance of the DPM， DPMIM， and conventional single-porosity models. The results revealed that both the DPM and DPMIM significantly outperformed single-porosity models， with the DPMIM achieving the highest accuracy in simulating observed transport behaviors. Notably， the DPMIM effectively captured the extended decay of solute concentrations，a phenomenon driven by matrix dead zone effects，which is essential for understanding long-term solute retention and release in heterogeneous systems.Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the impact of key model parameters， including the permeability ratio between fracture and matrix， the fracture domain volume fraction， and the exchange coefficient governing mass transfer between the two domains. These analyses highlight the critical role of parameter calibration in ensuring model reliability and propose strategies for optimizing model performance in large-scale applications.By integrating theoretical advancements with field validation， this study establishes a comprehensive framework for understanding solute transport in complex geological systems. The findings offer valuable insights for designing effective groundwater pollution control strategies and inform the development of sustainable water resource management practices in the face of increasing environmental pressures. Furthermore， the dual-permeability modeling approach established in this study lays the groundwork for future research on solute transport in other heterogeneous systems， such as karst aquifers， fractured rock formations， and urban groundwater basins.
- dual-permeability model /
- matrix dead zones /
- solute transport /
- preferential flow /
- numerical simulation

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