CaO催化热解锂电池废盐中有机物的特性研究

董隽; 黄国龙; 郦淑琦; 李音; 李顺; 王世峰; 王飞

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202507020

CaO催化热解锂电池废盐中有机物的特性研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202507020

董隽¹,
黄国龙^2,1, ,,
郦淑琦¹,
李音¹,
李顺¹,
王世峰¹,
王飞³

1. 杭州职业技术学院生态健康学院新型生物基材料关键技术改进与应用杭州市工程研究中心, 杭州 310018;
2. 浙江臻净环境科技有限公司, 杭州 310020;
3. 浙江大学能源工程学院能源高效清洁利用全国重点实验室, 杭州 310007

基金项目:

浙江省“尖兵领雁+X”研发攻关计划项目（2024C03129）

详细信息

作者简介:
董隽（1988—），女，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为固体废弃物资源化利用。zd_dongjun@zju.edu.cn

通讯作者:
黄国龙（1990—），男，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为工业废水处理和危废资源化。edgarhuang3663@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-29
- 录用日期: 2025-02-10
- 修回日期: 2025-01-12
- 网络出版日期: 2025-09-11

Research on characteristics of CaO-catalyzed pyrolysis of organic compounds in waste salt from lithium batteries

1. Hangzhou Engineering Research Center for Key Technology Improvement and Application of Novel Bio-Based Materials, Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational and Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China;
2. Zhejiang Zhenjing Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310020, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Utilization of Energy, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China

摘要

摘要: 工业废盐热解是实现其资源化利用的潜在技术之一，不仅能制备高附加值产品盐，还可实现废弃物的回收利用。以某企业锂电池电解液碳酸亚乙烯酯（VC）生产废盐为处理对象，研究废盐的热处理特性及催化热解对废盐中有机物脱除的影响。结果表明，废盐中ω（NaCl）为79.0%，ω（TOC）为38360 mg/kg，有机组成主要为三甲基硅烷酯和环状硅氧烷等。热重分析表明，废盐焚烧和热解的反应历程相似，可分为水分脱除（<130 ℃）、低沸点有机物脱除（130~245 ℃）、高沸点有机物脱除（260~470 ℃）、焦炭燃烧或裂解（470~660 ℃）和废盐熔融（>660 ℃）等主要失重阶段。加入CaO催化热解有利于降低废盐中有机物的析出温度，促进有机物分解。利用管式炉固定床进一步优化废盐催化热解的工况条件为m（CaO）：m（废盐）=1∶3，热解温度600 ℃，停留时间20 min。采用废盐热解-筛分-溶解过滤-化学沉淀-蒸发结晶工艺制备再生盐，测得结晶盐中ω（NaCl）为97.0%，ω（TOC）为47 mg/kg，有机物去除率为99.87%，可为工业废盐资源化利用提供参考。
- 工业废盐 /
- 热解 /
- 催化热解 /
- 氧化钙 /
- 资源化利用
Abstract: Pyrolysis of industrial waste salt is a promising technology for resource recovery， offering high-value salt products and effective waste reuse approaches. This study focused on the waste salt produced during the production of ethylene carbonate （VC） electrolyte for lithium batteries， examining its thermal treatment characteristics and the impact of catalytic pyrolysis on the removal of organic compounds. The results indicated that NaCl accounted for 79.0% of the waste salt’s mass fraction， with a total organic carbon （TOC） content of 38360 mg/kg. The organic composition primarily consisted of trimethylsilyl esters and cyclic siloxanes. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that both the combustion and pyrolysis processes of waste salt exhibited similar reaction stages： moisture removal （<130 ℃）， removal of low-boiling organic compounds （130 to 245 ℃）， removal of high-boiling organic compounds （260 to 470 ℃）， char combustion or pyrolysis （470 to 660 ℃）， and waste salt melting （>660 ℃）. The addition of CaO for catalytic pyrolysis facilitated the reduction of organic matter volatilization temperature， promoting the decomposition of organic compounds. The optimized conditions for catalytic pyrolysis in a tube furnace fixed-bed reactor were determined as follows： a CaO-to-waste salt mass ratio of 1∶3， a pyrolysis temperature of 600 ℃， and a residence time of 20 min. Through a process involving pyrolysis， screening， dissolution， filtration， chemical precipitation， and evaporation crystallization， regenerated salt was prepared. The crystalline salt had a NaCl content of 97.0%， a TOC content of 47 mg/kg， and an organic removal rate of 99.87% was achieved. This method provides a reference for the resource recovery of industrial waste salt.
- industrial waste salt /
- pyrolysis /
- catalytic pyrolysis /
- CaO /
- resource utilization

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