校园再生水补给景观水体的浮游生物群落演替特征与水华成因分析

李竣; 巫寅虎; 梁思懿; 陈卓; 李建康; 赵璐; 胡洪营

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202510010

校园再生水补给景观水体的浮游生物群落演替特征与水华成因分析

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202510010

1. 清华大学环境学院区域环境安全全国重点实验室生态环境部环境微生物利用与安全控制重点实验室, 北京 100084;
2. 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司, 北京 100176;
3. 日照职业技术学院海洋技术系, 山东日照 276800

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重大项目（52293440）；中国科学院学部科技伦理研究项目（XBKJLL2024001）

详细信息

作者简介:
李竣（1993—），男，博士，主要研究方向为微藻污水处理及二氧化碳减排研究。lijun0402@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

通讯作者:
巫寅虎（1986—），男，副研究员，博士，主要研究方向为再生水安全高效利用理论与技术。wuyinhu@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-27
- 录用日期: 2025-05-07
- 修回日期: 2025-05-01
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-10-01

Analysis of planktonic community succession and algal bloom causes in campus landscape waterbodies supplied by reclaimed water

1. State Key Laboratory of Regional Environmental Safety, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (MARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. MCC Capital Engineering & Research Incorporation Limited, Beijing 100176, China;
3. College of Ocean Engineering, Rizhao Polytechnic, Rizhao 276800, China

摘要

摘要: 景观水体是城市生态的重要组成部分。在我国北方地区，受水资源短缺影响，再生水已成为景观水体的主要补水来源。然而，再生水中残留的营养盐和难降解有机物易引发水质波动，增加水华爆发的风险。研究以某高校荷塘为例，分析了再生水补给下景观水体的水质和浮游生物群落的季节变化。结果表明，秋季水体中化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和悬浮物（SS）浓度均显著高于春季，但水质指标的季节性变化并非水华发生的直接诱因。4月气温回升显著促进了隐藻门（Cryptophyta）的快速增殖，使其成为水华的优势藻类，是水华爆发的主要驱动因素。高通量测序分析显示，荷塘浮游生物群落在季节变化中存在显著差异，秋季的群落多样性高于春季，而春季水华前期（3月）与爆发期（4月）的群落结构表现出高度一致性。荷塘的优势藻类为隐藻门和绿藻门，二者丰度随温度变化呈现交替模式，隐藻在春季升温过程中快速增长，绿藻则对温度变化更为敏感，在秋季出现显著波动。环境因子分析进一步表明，温度、COD、TN和SS是影响生物群落结构的主要因子。秋季气温下降和营养盐积累有利于依赖营养盐的生物群落扩展，但抑制了浮游植物的生长；而春季温度回升加速了藻类繁殖，特别是4月发生的水华爆发期间显著改变了群落结构。研究为校园再生水景观的水质管理和生物群落调控提供了科学依据，对提升水体景观生态健康及制定水华防控策略具有重要的理论与实践意义。
- 校园景观 /
- 再生水 /
- 水华 /
- 生物多样性 /
- 季节性变化 /
- 环境因子
Abstract: Aquatic landscapes play a vital role in urban ecosystems. In northern China， where water resources are severely scarce， reclaimed water has emerged as a primary solution for replenishing these landscapes. However， residual nutrients and organic matter in reclaimed water can easily cause water quality fluctuations and increase the risk of algal blooms. In this paper， a lotus pond at a university was selected as a typical reclaimed water landscape to investigate seasonal variations in water quality and planktonic microbial communities. Through analyzing the seasonal variations in water quality and planktonic microbial communities in the lotus pond， it was found that concentrations of chemical oxygen demand （COD）， total nitrogen （TN）， total phosphorus （TP）， and suspended solids （SS） were all significantly higher in autumn than in spring. However， these water quality indicators alone could not directly explain the occurrence of algal blooms. Instead， the temperature increase in April emerged as the primary driver， significantly promoting the rapid growth of Cryptophyta， making it the primary dominant algal group during blooms. High-throughput sequencing of microbial communities further demonstrated pronounced seasonal differences in species richness and diversity. The microbial community diversity in autumn was higher than in spring， while the community structure during the pre-bloom period （March） and the bloom period （April） in spring showed a high degree of consistency. Cryptophyta and Chlorophyta were the primary dominant algae in the lotus pond， exhibiting an alternating abundance pattern in response to temperature variations. Spring temperature increase significantly accelerated the growth of Cryptophyta， while Chlorophyta showed greater sensitivity to temperature fluctuations， with notable abundance variations observed in autumn. Environmental factor analysis using canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） highlighted that temperature， COD， TN， and SS played critical roles in shaping microbial community structures. In autumn， declining temperatures and nutrient accumulation favored nutrient-dependent microbial communities while suppressing phytoplankton growth. In contrast， rising temperatures in spring accelerated algal proliferation， significantly altering community structures during the April bloom. This study provides a scientific basis for water quality management and microbial community regulation in reclaimed water landscapes， offering theoretical and practical insights for improving the ecological health of aquatic landscapes and developing effective algal bloom control strategies.
- campus landscapes /
- reclaimed water /
- algal blooms /
- biodiversity /
- seasonal changes /
- environmental factors

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