Multi-spatiotemporal response of water quality of the Niulan River Basin to natural and human factors

ZHAO Min; SUN Xiaoneng; SHAO Zhi; YANG Yan; JIAO Lixin

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202502008

Volume 43 Issue 2

Feb. 2025

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ZHAO Min, SUN Xiaoneng, SHAO Zhi, YANG Yan, JIAO Lixin. Multi-spatiotemporal response of water quality of the Niulan River Basin to natural and human factors[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(2): 74-86. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502008

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ZHAO Min, SUN Xiaoneng, SHAO Zhi, YANG Yan, JIAO Lixin. Multi-spatiotemporal response of water quality of the Niulan River Basin to natural and human factors[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(2): 74-86. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502008

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Multi-spatiotemporal response of water quality of the Niulan River Basin to natural and human factors

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202502008

ZHAO Min¹,
SUN Xiaoneng¹,
SHAO Zhi^{1
,
,},
YANG Yan^1,2,
JIAO Lixin^3,4

1. Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Kunming 650032, China;
2. Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
4. Research Center of Lake Eco-Environment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Received Date: 2024-03-27
Accepted Date: 2024-05-23
Rev Recd Date: 2024-04-28

Abstract

Abstract

To reveal the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of surface water quality in the Niulan River Basin (Kunming section), this study evaluated the water quality during wet and dry seasons at 15 monitoring sites using the single-factor assessment method. Optimal parameters-based geographical detector analysis was employed to investigate the impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors on water quality at sub-watershed and riparian zone scales. The results demonstrated significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity in water quality, with total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) identified as primary pollutants. During the dry season, 13%, 20%, and 53% of sampling sites exceeded Class III limiting values of Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB 3838—2002) for COD, NH₃-N, and TP respectively, while these exceedance rates significantly increased to 53%, 40%, and 67% in the rainy season. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed poorer water quality during rainy seasons, with Class Ⅲ-exceeding sections predominantly distributed in upstream areas and tributaries, particularly showing severe TP contamination. Geographical detector analysis indicated that water quality variations resulted from multi-scale interactions between natural and anthropogenic factors. Anthropogenic factors (particularly road density and population density) dominated at sub-watershed scales, while natural factors (vegetation cover types and topographic features) exhibited enhanced pollutant interception effects at riparian zone scales. Factor interactions generally demonstrated dual-factor enhancement effects. Notably, certain factors showed threshold-specific impacts on water quality parameters, as exemplified by TP exceedances corresponding to specific ranges or types of influencing factors. The study recommends implementing comprehensive water pollution control strategies across spatial-temporal scales, incorporating factor-specific carrying capacity assessments tailored to basin characteristics.
- surface water quality,
- spatio-temporal characteristics,
- optimal parameter geographic detector,
- influencing factors,
- the Niulan River Basin

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References(44)

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