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Volume 43 Issue 9
Sep.  2025
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Article Navigation >  ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING  > 2025  >  43(9): 165-182
CHEN Guanyi, TANG Tongtong, SUN Yunan, LIU Yuanyuan, MU Lan, CHENG Zhanjun, YAN Beibei. Exploration of treatment technologies and business modes for rural organic waste[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(9): 165-182. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509018
Citation: CHEN Guanyi, TANG Tongtong, SUN Yunan, LIU Yuanyuan, MU Lan, CHENG Zhanjun, YAN Beibei. Exploration of treatment technologies and business modes for rural organic waste[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(9): 165-182. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509018
shu

Exploration of treatment technologies and business modes for rural organic waste

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509018

  • 1. Interdisciplinary Innovation Lab for Environment & Energy, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China;

  • 2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;

  • 3. School of Management, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China;

  • 4. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomass Wastes Utilization, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Biomass Gas and Oil Technology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastes Safe Disposal and Energy Utilization, Tianjin 300072, China

  • Received Date: 2024-11-05
    Available Online: 2025-11-05
  • Publish Date: 2025-09-01
    Abstract
  • Substantial quantities of organic waste are generated annually in rural areas of China， often being dispersed and poorly managed. Current waste treatment methods， including landfill， incineration， and composting， are faced with numerous challenges， such as low harmless treatment rates and inefficient resource utilization. The environment is not only harmed by these shortcomings， but a significant amount of valuable resources is also wasted as a result. Therefore， it is crucial to explore effective treatment methods for rural organic waste to improve resource utilization efficiency and foster sustainable waste management practices. This study focuses on exploring effective technologies for the treatment of rural organic waste， considering various types of waste and their specific characteristics. Anaerobic digestion， pyrolytic carbonization， and bioconversion are examined as promising solutions， especially for high-moisture rural waste such as fruits and vegetables. Additionally， for animal manure， the effectiveness of straw co-digestion and bioconversion is highlighted， as both methods are considered to significantly enhance resource recovery efficiency. These technologies are provided as viable alternatives to traditional disposal methods to improve waste management and promote environmental sustainability. Beyond technological approaches， various collection and treatment modes suitable for rural situations were investigated， including integrated urban-rural treatment， centralized processing， and dispersed treatment modes. The applicability of each mode was analyzed based on regional differences in waste generation， transportation infrastructure， and processing needs. The advantages and challenges of each mode of collection and transportation were highlighted in the study， emphasizing the importance of selecting an appropriate approach based on local conditions. It was suggested that rural areas with concentrated villages should adopt a centralized processing mode， while those with more dispersed settlements should implement a combination of dispersed and centralized treatment to enhance efficiency and sustainability. Through this strategic mode selection， waste management could be effectively adapted to local conditions and resource availability. This study reviewed the successful application of various business modes in waste incineration power generation projects， including public-private partnership （PPP）， build-operate-transfer （BOT）， and engineering procurement construction （EPC）. While these business modes have proven effective， further refinements in fiscal policies， tax incentives， and risk-sharing mechanisms are still required. Additionally， for pyrolytic carbonization projects， a multi-dimensional value chain approach is recommended to balance the complex interests of communities and the environment. Building on the experience of established business modes and considering the specific needs of rural organic waste treatment， a sustainable business mode is proposed. Collaboration among the government， enterprises， and rural communities is fostered by this business mode， ensuring that both the benefits and responsibilities of waste management and resource recovery are shared by all stakeholders. By incorporating value co-creation and feedback mechanisms， the business mode enhances adaptability， facilitating the successful adoption and stable operation of organic waste treatment technologies in rural areas.
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