Demands and challenges of stationary sources monitoring in the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction

WANG Gang; WANG Dongbin; DENG Jianguo; LI Bo; LIU Tonghao; WANG Junxia; JIANG Jingkun

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202509021

Volume 43 Issue 9

Sep. 2025

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Article Navigation > ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING > 2025 > 43(9): 209-218

WANG Gang, WANG Dongbin, DENG Jianguo, LI Bo, LIU Tonghao, WANG Junxia, JIANG Jingkun. Demands and challenges of stationary sources monitoring in the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(9): 209-218. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509021

Citation:

WANG Gang, WANG Dongbin, DENG Jianguo, LI Bo, LIU Tonghao, WANG Junxia, JIANG Jingkun. Demands and challenges of stationary sources monitoring in the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(9): 209-218. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509021

Citation:

WANG Gang, WANG Dongbin, DENG Jianguo, LI Bo, LIU Tonghao, WANG Junxia, JIANG Jingkun. Demands and challenges of stationary sources monitoring in the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(9): 209-218. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509021

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Demands and challenges of stationary sources monitoring in the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509021

1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;
2. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Environmental Monitoring of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, China Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China

Received Date: 2025-01-27
Available Online: 2025-11-05
Publish Date: 2025-09-01

Abstract

Abstract

The deep implementation of ultra-low emissions and the Double Carbon Goals in key industries， such as power and steel making has significantly altered the characteristics of flue gas from stationary sources， presenting new demands for stationary sources. This article discusses the current state of stationary sources in China and outlines the emerging technological demands for stationary sources monitoring under the background of pollution and carbon emissions reduction. Following ultra-low emission transformation， the concentrations of conventional pollutants such as dust， SO₂， and NO _x， as well as flue gas temperature， have decreased， while humidity of flue gas has increased in key industries. Meanwhile， the emission of unconventional pollutants， including condensable particulate matter （CPM）， NH₃， organic amines， and greenhouse gases， has become increasingly prominent. Studies indicate that post-transformation CPM emissions account for 25.7% to 99.6% of total particulate matter， with some sources exhibiting CPM concentrations surpassing those of filterable particulate matter. Additionally， excessive ammonia injection in denitrification systems has led to significant ammonia slip， with substantial deviations observed among different NH₃ monitoring methods. In coal-fired power plants undergoing low-carbon transformation， biomass co-firing may elevate the concentrations of particulate heavy metals and NH₃ in flue gas. Furthermore， the use of organic amine absorbents in carbon capture processes can result in substantial organic amine emissions. As pollution and carbon reduction initiatives for stationary sources continue to advance， it is crucial to enhance the accuracy and quality control of online monitoring equipment for dust， SO₂， and NO _x. Additionally， a CPM monitoring technology tailored to China's stationary sources should be developed， and key industries should be systematically regulated. Ammonia emissions from stationary sources should be monitored using standardized methods， while online monitoring and control technologies for heavy metal emissions need further development. Additionally， online monitoring of organic amine escape from carbon capture processes should be implemented， and the development of carbon monitoring instruments should be strengthened.
- ultra-low emission,
- condensable particulate matter （CPM）,
- ammonia slip,
- heavy metal,
- organic amine

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References(55)

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