蚯蚓生态处理污泥过程中有机物及微生物变化研究

周宏毅; 许心妍; 江圣洁; 邢美燕; Seinn Lei Aye; Khin Maung Win; 李小伟

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202508017

蚯蚓生态处理污泥过程中有机物及微生物变化研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202508017

1. 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444;
2. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院, 上海 200092;
3. 仰光大学工业化学学院, 缅甸仰光 11181;
4. 缅甸水工程与产品公司, 缅甸仰光 11181

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3905603）；国家自然科学基金（52570164）

详细信息

作者简介:
周宏毅（2004—），男，主要研究方向为有机废物无害化及资源化。zhou1116@shu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李小伟（1983—），男，教授，主要研究方向为有机废物无害化及资源化。Lixiaowei419@shu.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-08
- 录用日期: 2025-07-08
- 修回日期: 2025-06-13

Changes in organic matter and microbial communities during sludge vermicomposting

1. College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;
2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
3. College of Industrial Chemistry, University of Yangon, Yangon 11181, Myanmar;
4. Myanmar Water Engineering and Products Company, Yangon 11181, Myanmar

摘要

摘要: 蚯蚓堆肥技术作为高效环保的污泥处理手段，在有机物降解与资源化领域展现出显著潜力，但其对剩余污泥中有机物分子转化规律的系统解析仍存在研究空白。为探析实际降解可行性，为蚯蚓生态处理技术的优化与工程化应用提供理论支撑，分别设置5种不同污泥和牛粪比例的蚯蚓堆肥组分：V1（100%污泥）、V2（70%污泥+30%牛粪）、V3（50%污泥+50%牛粪）、V4（30%污泥+70%牛粪）、V5（100%牛粪），研究蚯蚓堆肥过程中污泥有机物的变化情况以及蚯蚓堆肥前后微生物数量和活性变化情况。结果表明：与蚯蚓堆肥前相比，蚯蚓堆肥后堆体的挥发性悬浮固体、总有机碳、碳氮比分别减少了27.1%、31.3%、30.9%，并且细菌总数、呼吸速率、脱氢酶活性分别减少了70.3%、89.3%、88.0%，表明蚯蚓堆肥可促进污泥中总有机物的降解，改善污泥的稳定化程度和成熟度，也有利于改善污泥的微生物稳定性。更重要的是，相较于牛粪处理，蚯蚓堆肥在堆肥成熟度与生态稳定性的协同增效上表现更佳。
- 污泥 /
- 蚯蚓堆肥 /
- 有机物降解 /
- 稳定化 /
- 微生物稳定性
Abstract: Conventional techniques such as landfill and incineration for sewage sludge treatment carry risks of secondary pollution， making vermicomposting technology an increasingly attractive eco-friendly alternative. This approach leverages the synergistic interaction between earthworms （Eisenia fetida） and microorganisms to significantly shorten composting cycles while enhancing the nutrient content and water retention capacity of the final product. Earthworms improve microbial community structures， accelerate organic matter decomposition， and generate high-value vermicast through feeding activities and mechanical agitation. These advantages demonstrate substantial potential in organic waste degradation and resource recovery. Although the efficacy of vermicomposting in treating textile mill sludge and sugar industry waste has been validated in previous studies， systematic investigations into organic matter transformation mechanisms during vermicomposting for sewage sludge treatment remain inadequate. Five experimental groups with varying sludge-to-cattle manure ratios were established in this study， i.e. V1 （100% sludge）， V2 （70% sludge + 30% manure）， V3 （50% sludge + 50% manure）， V4 （30% sludge + 70% manure）， and V5 （100% manure）. Analytical techniques including organic carbon analysis and infrared spectroscopy were employed to monitor organic matter transformation and humic acid characteristics during vermicomposting. The results showed significant reductions of 27.1%， 31.3%， and 30.9% in volatile suspended solids， total organic carbon， and C/N ratio， respectively， after vermicomposting of sewage sludge. Infrared spectral analysis further revealed structural modifications in humic acid， confirming the effectiveness of earthworm-mediated organic matter transformation. Meanwhile， total bacterial count， respiration rate， and dehydrogenase activity substantially decreased by 70.3%， 89.3%， and 88.0%， respectively， indicating the enhancement of organic matter degradation and microbial stability. Notably， vermicomposting exhibited superior performance in sludge stabilization， biostability， and maturity. The findings imply the feasibility of vermicomposting for sewage sludge treatment， and multi-species comparisons and extended monitoring are required in future study to validate the technology's robustness in practical scenarios.
- sewage sludge /
- vermicomposting /
- organic matter degradation /
- stabilization /
- microbial stability

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