城市污水处理厂多级AO分段进水工艺的脱氮性能优化

朱卓; 但琼鹏; 章雄飞; 庞博; 彭永臻

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202509001

城市污水处理厂多级AO分段进水工艺的脱氮性能优化

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509001

朱卓^1,2,
但琼鹏³,
章雄飞²,
庞博^2, ,,
彭永臻³

1. 中环保水务投资有限公司, 北京 100022;
2. 深圳中节能可再生能源有限公司, 广东深圳 518104;
3. 北京工业大学城镇污水深度处理与资源化利用技术国家工程实验室, 北京 100124

详细信息

作者简介:
朱卓（1998—），男，助理工程师，主要研究方向为水污染控制工程。17661419789@163.com

通讯作者:
庞博（1993—），男，中级工程师，主要研究方向为水污染控制工程。81116010@qq.com

计量
- 文章访问数: 93
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 6
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-01
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-01

Optimization of nitrogen removal performance of multistage AO step-feed process for a municipal wastewater treatment plant

1. General Water of China Co. Ltd., Beijing 100022, China;
2. CECEP Shenzhen Renewable Energy Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518104, China;
3. National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

摘要

摘要: 在污水处理提质增效、总氮（TN）出水标准日益严格的背景下，针对深圳市某设计规模35 万m³/d的污水处理厂开展系统性工艺优化研究。该厂在A²O工艺基础上组合了二级AO强化系统脱氮（A²O+多级AO改良工艺），但存在碳源利用率低、多级AO功能未充分发挥、溶解氧（DO）控制不佳及出水TN波动等问题。工艺运行参数上，将厌氧、缺氧2区、缺氧3区的进水比由7∶3∶0调整至4∶4∶2，同时停用内回流；在曝气控制上，将气水比由3∶1降低至2∶1；在药剂投加上，碳源投加点位由3处（厌氧区、缺氧2区和缺氧3区）减少至1处（缺氧3区）。在无需新增构筑物、设备或停产改造的前提下，实现了运行成本节约与出水水质提升的双重目标。工艺优化后，解除了内回流对TN去除率的限制，出水ρ（TN）均值由（11.93±1.37） mg/L下降至（8.11±2.00） mg/L。原水碳源被合理分配至各缺氧区，碳源投加单耗由1.48 mg/L（以COD计）下降至0.62 mg/L，降幅58.07%，电单耗由0.339 kW·h/m³下降至0.296 kW·h/m³，降幅12.88%。11个月的运行时间内，节省碳源投加量371.45 t，减少用电4221043.40 kW·h，碳排放量减少3343488.47 kg CO₂-eq。该工艺优化不仅提高了污水处理厂的运行效率，还实现了节能减排的目标，为同类污水处理厂的优化改造提供了有益参考与借鉴。
- 城市污水处理厂 /
- 多级AO /
- 脱氮 /
- 工艺优化 /
- 节能降碳
Abstract: In the context of enhanced requirements for wastewater treatment efficiency and increasingly stringent effluent standards for total nitrogen （TN）， this study conducted a systematic process optimization investigation at a wastewater treatment plant in Shenzhen with a designed capacity of 350000 m³/d. The plant combined a two-stage anoxic/oxic （AO） enhanced system for nitrogen removal on the basis of the anaeroxic/anoxic/oxic （A²O） process （i.e.， an A²O + multi-stage AO improved process）， but there were problems such as low utilization of carbon sources， insufficient use of the multi-stage AO， poor control of dissolved oxygen （DO） and fluctuations of TN in the effluent. In terms of process operating parameters， the influent distribution ratio among the anaerobic， anoxic zone 2， and anoxic zone 3 was adjusted from 7∶3∶0 to 4∶4∶2， while the internal recirculation was deactivated； regarding aeration control， the air-to-water ratio was reduced from 3∶1 to 2∶1； and in terms of pharmaceutical dosing， the number of carbon source dosing points was decreased from three （anaerobic zone， anoxic zone 2， and anoxic zone 3） to one （anoxic zone 3）. Under the premise of requiring no new structures， additional equipment， or production shutdown， dual objectives of reducing operating costs and improving effluent water quality were achieved. Following process optimization， the limitation on TN removal efficiency caused by internal reflux was eliminated， with the average TN concentration in the effluent decreasing from （11.93±1.37） mg/L to （8.11±2.00） mg/L. The raw water carbon source was efficiently allocated to each anoxic zone. As a result， the unit consumption of carbon source dosing decreased from 1.48 mg COD/L to 0.62 mg COD/L， with a reduction rate of 58.07%， while the unit electricity consumption dropped from 0.339 kW·h/m³ to 0.296 kW·h/m³， with a decrease rate of 12.88%. Over an 11-month operational period， carbon source dosing was reduced by 371.45 tons， electricity consumption decreased by 4221043.40 kW·h， and carbon emissions were cut by 3343488.47 kg CO₂-eq. This process optimization not only enhanced the operational efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant but also achieved energy savings and emission reduction， providing valuable insights and reference for the optimization and upgrading of similar wastewater treatment plants.
- municipal wastewater treatment plant /
- multi-stage AO /
- nitrogen removal /
- process optimization /
- energy saving and carbon reduction

HTML全文

参考文献(16)

[1]	WU C Y，PENG Y Z，PENG Y. Biological nutrient removal in A²O process when treating low C/N ratio domestic wastewater[J]. CIESC Journal，2008（12）:3126-3131. 吴昌永，彭永臻，彭轶. A²O工艺处理低C/N比生活污水的试验研究[J]. 化工学报，2008（12）:3126-3131.
[2]	AN Z M，ZHANG Q，GAO X J，et al. Optimization of AAO process for reduced N₂O emissions and enhanced nitrogen removal in municipal wastewater treatment:exploring carbon supplementation and DO control strategies[J]. Water research，2025:276123247.
[3]	WANG X X，WANG S Y，ZHAO J，et al. The competitive relationships of PAOs-GAOs in simultaneous partial nitrification-endogenous denitrification and phosphorous removal（SPNED-PR）systems and their nutrient removal characteristics[J]. China Environmental Science，2018，38（2）:551-559. 王晓霞，王淑莹，赵骥，等. SPNED-PR系统内PAOs-GAOs的竞争关系及其氮磷去除特性[J]. 中国环境科学，2018，38（2）:551-559.
[4]	ZHU Z，ZHANG L Y，LI X Y，et al. Robust nitrogen removal from municipal wastewater by partial nitrification anammox at ultra-low dissolved oxygen in a pure biofilm system[J]. Bioresource Technology，2023，369128453.
[5]	HE Z Y，RAO Q P. High efficiency sedimentation tank + DDBF application in sewage treatment plant[J]. Environmental Engineering，2023，41（S2）:166-170. 何展毅，饶欠平. 高效沉淀池+反硝化深床滤池在污水厂的应用[J]. 环境工程，2023，41（增刊2）:166-170.
[6]	NI L，CHANG Y N，SHI X J. Application of MBBR + denitrification deep bed filter process in upgrading and reconstruction of northern WWTP[J]. Water Purification Technology，2024，43（12）:180-186. 倪亮，常莺娜，师旭军. MBBR+反硝化深床滤池工艺在北方污水厂提标改造中的应用[J]. 净水技术，2024，43（12）:180-186.
[7]	ZHANG X H，MENG Q J，XU X，et al. Difficulties and solutions for sewage treatment plant up-grading and renovation under the background of"carb-on peaking and carbon neutralization"[J]. Water & Wastewater Engineering，2023，49（S1）:194-200. 张小寒，孟庆杰，徐雪，等.“双碳”背景下污水处理厂提标改造所面临的困境及出路[J]. 给水排水，2023，59（增刊1）:194-200.
[8]	ZHU Y P，PENG Y Z，WANG J M，et al. Modified step-feed A²/O process for upgrade and reconstruction of WWTP[J]. China Water & Wastewater，2021，28（7）:22-26. 朱云鹏，彭永臻，王继苗，等. 改良A²/O分段进水工艺用于污水厂升级改造[J]. 中国给水排水，2012，28（7）:22-26.
[9]	The State Environmental Protection Administration. Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method[M]. Fourth Edition. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press，2002. 国家环境保护总局. 水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 4版. 北京:中国环境科学出版社，2002.
[10]	WANG S P，WANG Q Q，HUI L L，et al. The determination of denitrification rate of step-feed A/O nitrogen removal process[J]. Environmental Engineering，2008，25（3）:56-58. 王社平，王卿卿，惠灵灵，等. 分段进水A/O脱氮工艺反硝化速率的测定[J]. 环境工程，2008，25（3）:56-58.
[11]	WANG B Y，SUN A L，XU X H. Strategies and project case of wastewater treatment plants renewal and reformation for the dual-carbon goal[J]. Environmental Engineering，2024，42（11）:81-89. 王碧云，孙艾林，许雪煌.“双碳”目标下海南地区污水处理厂更新改造对策分析及工程实例[J]. 环境工程，2024，42（11）:81-89.
[12]	HAO X D，LI T Y，WU Y Y，et al. Discussion on suitability of A²/O process for upgrading of wastewater treatment plant[J]. China Water & Wastewater，2017，33（21）:18-24. 郝晓地，李天宇，吴远远，等. A²/O工艺用于污水处理厂升级改造的适宜性探讨[J]. 中国给水排水，2017，33（21）:18-24.
[13]	CHEN Q，WANG W，PENG Y Z. Research progress and prospect of continuous step feed process[J]. China Water & Wastewater，2016，32（12）:20-25. 陈强，王伟，彭永臻. 连续流分段进水工艺的研究进展与展望[J]. 中国给水排水，2016，32（12）:20-25.
[14]	KAO C K，ZHANG Q，LI J W，et al. Rapid start-up and metabolic evolution of partial denitrification/anammox process by hydroxylamine stimulation:nitrogen removal performance，biofilm characteristics and microbial community[J]. Bioresource Technology，2025，418131959.
[15]	中国环境保护产业协会. 污水处理厂低碳运行评价技术规范:T/CAEPI49—2022[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社，2022. China Association of Environmental Protection Industry. Technical specification for low-carbon operation evaluation of sewage treatment plant:T/CAEPI49—2022[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China，2022.
[16]	安徽省住房和城乡建设厅. 城市污水处理厂节能降耗运行技术规范:DB34/T 3831—2021[S]. 安徽:安徽省工程建设标准设计办公室，2021 Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of Anhui Province. Technical code for energy saving and consumption reducing operation of urban wastewater treatment plant:DB34/T 3831-2021[S]. Anhui:Anhui Engineering Construction Standard Design Office，2021.