铁碳基潮汐流人工湿地脱氮效果和温室气体排放探究

李大鹏; 刘松琪; 宋欣雨

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202509003

铁碳基潮汐流人工湿地脱氮效果和温室气体排放探究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509003

1. 苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏苏州 215009

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（52370178，52200232）

详细信息

作者简介:
李大鹏（1975—），男，教授，主要研究方向为废水处理技术与资源化利用。ustsldp@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-06-05
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-01

Investigation of nitrogen removal effect and greenhouse gas emission of Fe-C-based tidal flow constructed wetlands

1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China

摘要

摘要: 受尾水中可利用碳源和溶解氧（DO）不足以及低温影响，传统人工湿地的总氮（TN）去除效率偏低，且伴随着较多温室气体（N₂O、CO₂和CH₄）释放。采用生物炭和黄铁矿作为基质，探究潮汐流运行方式下普通砾石和铁碳基人工湿地对低碳氮比（C/N）的污水处理厂尾水的脱氮效果及其温室气体排放情况，进一步探究温度对铁碳基人工湿地脱氮效果的影响。结果表明：铁碳基人工湿地在10，25 ℃下的TN去除率分别比普通砾石人工湿地分别提高了13.07%和17.32%，延长HRT能进一步提高脱氮效果，其产生的温室效应没有显著高于普通砾石人工湿地。10 ℃和25 ℃的温度变化不会影响潮汐流人工湿地对市政尾水氨氮（NH₄⁺-N）的去除效果，但低温不利于硝态氮（NO₃^--N）的去除，导致TN去除效率不高。铁碳基人工湿地系统中，微生物的硝化功能基因amoA和反硝化功能基因nosZ丰度，及氨单加氧酶（AMO）和氧化亚氮还原酶（NOS）活性受温度和HRT影响明显，是影响湿地系统中TN去除效率的关键原因。
- 潮汐流人工湿地 /
- 温室气体排放 /
- 黄铁矿 /
- 生物炭 /
- 尾水深度脱氮
Abstract: Due to the insufficiency of available carbon sources and dissolved oxygen （DO） in the effluent， as well as the low temperature， the total nitrogen （TN） removal efficiency of traditional constructed wetlands is relatively low， accompanied by the release of considerable amounts of greenhouse gases （N₂O， CO_2， and CH₄）. It has been shown that the TN removal rate of traditional CW is less than 50%， and with the continuous operation of the CW system， clogging problems will occur. In addition， the low temperature inhibits the activity of microorganisms， which in turn affects the normal play of their purification efficiency， resulting in a nitrogen removal efficiency of 30% below. In this study， biochar and pyrite were used as the substrates to investigate the nitrogen removal performance and greenhouse gas emissions of ordinary gravel and iron-carbon based constructed wetlands under tidal flow operation for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio （C/N） effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants. The influence of temperature on the nitrogen removal performance of iron-carbon based constructed wetlands was further explored. The results showed that TN removal rates of iron-carbon based constructed wetlands at 10 ℃ and 25 ℃ were 13.07% and 17.32% higher than those of the ordinary gravel constructed wetlands， respectively. Prolonging the hydraulic retention time （HRT） could further enhance the nitrogen removal efficiency， and the greenhouse effect produced was not significantly higher than that of ordinary gravel constructed wetlands. Temperature changes did not affect the removal of ammonia nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N） in municipal effluent by tidal flow constructed wetlands， but low temperature was unfavorable for the removal of nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N）， resulting in a low TN removal efficiency. The abundance of nitrification functional gene amoA and denitrification functional gene nosZ， as well as the activities of ammonia monooxygenase （AMO） and nitrous oxide reductase （NOS） in the iron-carbon based constructed wetland system， were significantly affected by temperature and HRT， which were the key factors influencing the TN removal efficiency in the wetland system.
- tidal flow constructed wetland /
- greenhouse gas /
- pyrite /
- biochar /
- tailwater deep nitrogen removal

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