生活污水混凝-动态吸附强化碳源磷源捕获的工艺特性研究

赵梓程; 周柯; 陈荣

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202509014

生活污水混凝-动态吸附强化碳源磷源捕获的工艺特性研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202509014

赵梓程^1,2,
周柯²,
陈荣^2, ,

1. 西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院, 西安 710055;
2. 西安建筑科技大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室, 西安 710055

基金项目:

国家重点研发项目“城市污水能量与资源回收关键技术及装备”（2022YFC3203102）

详细信息

作者简介:
赵梓程，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为废水资源化。2367042880@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈荣（1980—），博士，教授，主要研究方向为废水处理与资源化。chenrong@xauat.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-14
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-01

Study on process characteristics of coagulation-dynamic adsorption for carbon source and phosphorus source from domestic wastewater

ZHAO Zicheng^1,2,
ZHOU Ke²,
CHEN Rong^{2
, ,}

1. School of Resources Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Northwest Ministry of Water Resources, Environment and Ecology, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China

摘要

摘要: 生活污水排放量大且有资源回收潜力，浓缩有机物对收集污水能源意义重大。目前，混凝沉淀法是污水浓缩的主流手段。以西安市思源学院下设水厂实际污水为研究对象，探究混凝剂种类、投加量、沉淀时间、初始pH值对碳源捕获及磷源富集效果的影响。通过生物炭动态吸附柱工艺进一步处理混凝出水，使出水主要指标符合GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放》一级A标准。随后通过超声辅助解吸-复吸循环实验，提升解吸率并对氯化铁改性玉米芯生物炭的可循环利用特性进行探究。研究发现：当混凝剂为 FeCl₃·6H₂O，投加混凝液300 mg/L，沉淀时间30 min，初始pH = 6时，COD 捕获率最高达 67.76%，总磷与磷酸盐富集率超 98%；改性玉米芯生物炭动态吸附柱高度45 cm，进水流速4 mL/min时，连续工作5 h内，出水主要指标达GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准；HCl作为解吸液效果理想，且可作为pH调节剂回用于混凝实验，实现资源循环利用。在0.5 mol/L HCl、25 ℃、超声时间75 min条件下，COD与NH₄⁺-N的解吸率分别提升至（94.65±0.01）%、（94.25±0.05）%，接近体系理论极限，同时解吸时间降幅分别达83.3%与92.2%。经5次解吸-复吸循环实验，改性玉米芯生物炭仍能吸附50%以上的COD与NH₄⁺-N。该研究成果为污水处理厂废水净化和资源回收利用提供了科学依据。
- 混凝法 /
- 动态吸附柱 /
- 碳磷捕获 /
- 超声辅助 /
- 循环利用
Abstract: Domestic wastewater， characterized by its substantial discharge volume and resource recovery potential， holds significant importance for energy recovery through the concentration of organic matter. Currently， coagulation-sedimentation stands as the predominant method for wastewater concentration. This study investigated coagulation process optimization using wastewater from the treatment plant of Xi'an Siyuan University， focusing on the impacts of coagulant type （FeCl₃·6H₂O vs. PAC）， dosage （30~500 mg/L）， sedimentation time （15~120 min）， and initial pH （3~8） on carbon source capture and phosphorus enrichment. A subsequent dynamic biochar adsorption column （45 cm height， 4 mL/min flow rate） was employed to further treat coagulated effluent， achieving compliance with Class 1A in Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant ［ρ（COD） < 50 mg/L， ρ（NH₄⁺-N） < 5 mg/L］. Ultrasonic-assisted desorption-regeneration cycles （0.5 mol/L HCl， 30°C， 75 min ultrasonication） enhanced desorption efficiency while enabling closed-loop resource recovery through the reuse of HCl for pH adjustment.Key findings include：Optimal coagulation at 300 mg/L FeCl₃·6H₂O， 30 min sedimentation， and pH value of 6， achieved 67.76% COD capture and >98% TP/PO₄^3--P enrichment. Modified corncob biochar maintained >50% COD/NH₄⁺-N adsorption capacity after 5 regeneration cycles. Ultrasonic desorption boosted COD/NH₄⁺-N desorption rates to （94.65±0.01）% and （94.25±0.05）%， respectively， with process duration reduced by 83.3% to 92.2% versus the conventional methods.This integrated strategy provides a scientifically validated solution for simultaneous wastewater purification and resource recovery， aligning with circular economy principles in municipal wastewater treatment.
- coagulation method /
- dynamic adsorption column /
- carbon and phosphorus capture /
- ultrasonic-assisted /
- recycling

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