填埋场致病性生物气溶胶污染和逸散特性及潜在健康风险

李雅慧; 王文雨; 杨文雨; 王炳鹏; 王亚楠; 王华伟; 郑一帆; 崔雄博; 孙英杰

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202510005

填埋场致病性生物气溶胶污染和逸散特性及潜在健康风险

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202510005

1. 青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院青岛市固体废物污染控制与资源化工程研究中心, 山东青岛 266520

基金项目:

山东省自然科学基金项目（ZR2023ME042）；国家自然科学基金项目（52370173）；山东省泰山学者项目专项基金（tsqn202408218）

详细信息

作者简介:
李雅慧（2000—），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为固体废物处理与资源化。15953548089@163.com

通讯作者:
王亚楠（1987—），女，副教授，主要研究方向为固体废物处理与资源化。wangyanan1005@yeah.net

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-05
- 录用日期: 2025-04-18
- 修回日期: 2025-03-21
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-10-01

Pollution and emission characteristics of pathogenic bioaerosols in landfills and potential health risks

1. Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Solid Waste Pollution Control and Resource Utilization, College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China

摘要

摘要: 填埋场作为重要的生物气溶胶污染源，其释放的致病性微生物可通过呼吸系统进入人体，引发过敏性肺炎、呼吸道感染等健康问题，甚至可能导致传染病传播，因此亟需系统评估其污染和逸散特性与潜在健康风险。基于文献计量分析了填埋场生物气溶胶的发文量及研究热点，结果表明全球范围内对填埋场气溶胶引发的环境卫生及职业健康的重视程度不断提高，“环境-微生物-健康”的交互作用是填埋场生物气溶胶研究领域的核心科学问题。通过梳理现有文献报道，从生物气溶胶的浓度、群落组成和粒径分布特征等层面综述了填埋场生物气溶胶的污染特征；结合扩散模型及影响因素（如机械扰动方式、污染源性质、气象条件和颗粒物理化性质）分析，总结了填埋场生物气溶胶的逸散特性及其关键驱动因素；结合致病菌及毒力因子赋存特征，并耦合非致癌风险商法和定量微生物风险评估模型，概述了填埋场微生物气溶胶的潜在健康风险。该研究可为填埋场微生物气溶胶的污染防控和健康风险评估提供理论依据。
- 填埋场 /
- 生物气溶胶 /
- 致病菌 /
- 影响因素 /
- 健康风险
Abstract: Landfill is an important source of bioaerosol pollution. Pathogenic microorganisms released from landfills can enter the human body through the respiratory system， causing allergic pneumonia， respiratory tract infection， and other health problems， and may even lead to the spread of infectious diseases. Therefore， it is urgent to systematically assess its pollution and dispersion characteristics and potential health risks. Based on the bibliometric analysis of bioaerosols from landfills， the results show that increasing attention has been paid to environmental sanitation and occupational health caused by landfill bioaerosols worldwide， and the interaction of environment-microorganism-health is the core scientific problem in the field of bioaerosols from landfills. Based on the literature review， the pollution characteristics of bioaerosols in landfills are summarized from the aspects of concentration， community composition， and particle size distribution characteristics. Combined with the diffusion model and influencing factors analysis （such as mechanical disturbance mode， pollution source nature， meteorological conditions， and physicochemical properties of particulate matter）， the emission characteristics and key driving factors of landfill bioaerosol are summarized. Combined with pathogens and virulence occurrence characteristics， coupled with the non-carcinogenic risk quotient method and quantitative microbial risk assessment model， the potential health risks of landfill bioaerosols are summarized. This study can provide a theoretical basis for pollution control and health risk assessment of landfill bioaerosols.
- landfill /
- bioaeresols /
- pathogens /
- influencing factors /
- health risk

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