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动态垂直流强化下海绵铁、锰砂对典型污染物的去除机制

邱霖,  江成,  聂发辉,  曹文平,  刘勇

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文章导航 > 环境工程  > 2025 >  43(11): 40-49
邱霖, 江成, 聂发辉, 曹文平, 刘勇. 动态垂直流强化下海绵铁、锰砂对典型污染物的去除机制[J]. 环境工程, 2025, 43(11): 40-49. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511005
引用本文: 邱霖, 江成, 聂发辉, 曹文平, 刘勇. 动态垂直流强化下海绵铁、锰砂对典型污染物的去除机制[J]. 环境工程, 2025, 43(11): 40-49. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511005
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QIU Lin, JIANG Cheng, NIE Fahui, CAO Wenping, LIU Yong. Removal mechanism of common pollutants using sponge iron and manganese sand under dynamic vertical flow condition[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(11): 40-49. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511005
Citation: QIU Lin, JIANG Cheng, NIE Fahui, CAO Wenping, LIU Yong. Removal mechanism of common pollutants using sponge iron and manganese sand under dynamic vertical flow condition[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING , 2025, 43(11): 40-49. doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511005
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动态垂直流强化下海绵铁、锰砂对典型污染物的去除机制

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511005

  • 1. 华东交通大学 土木建筑学院, 南昌 330013;

  • 2. 江西省科学院能源研究所, 南昌 330096;

  • 3. 江西省碳中和研究中心, 南昌 330096;

  • 4. 江苏莲洋港环保科技有限公司, 江苏 徐州 221003

基金项目: 

江西省科学院基础研究项目（2023YJC2009）；江西省科学院包干制试点示范项目（2023YSBG22017）；江西省自然基金项目（20242BAB25323）

详细信息
    作者简介:

    邱霖，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为水污染治理。qlililf@163.com

    通讯作者:

    江成，男，副研究员，主要研究方向为水污染治理。jiangcheng0907@163.com

    聂发辉，男，副教授，主要研究方向为水处理理论与技术。50124165@qq.com

Removal mechanism of common pollutants using sponge iron and manganese sand under dynamic vertical flow condition

  • 1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China;

  • 2. Institute of Energy Research, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China;

  • 3. Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center, Nanchang 330096, China;

  • 4. Jiangsu LYG Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221003, China

    摘要
  • 摘要: 铁、锰矿物在水处理领域的应用是近年来研究较多的课题，因其具有较强的离子交换、吸附和氧化等性能，被认为是具有应用潜力的基质材料。为比较铁、锰矿物在人工湿地中的脱氮除磷效果，选用海绵铁、锰砂作为基质进行吸附试验，并通过X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）探究基质的物相组成与表面形貌，旨在研究基质吸附过程中的特征与差异。结果表明：静态试验中，海绵铁、锰砂对总磷（TP）的吸附效果均优于氨氮（NH+4-N），TP的理论饱和吸附量分别达到587.38，284.51 mg/kg，解吸率仅为10%左右。动态垂直流试验中，海绵铁通过吸附作用以及金属矿物组分的共沉淀作用，能有效去除TP，可溶性磷酸盐（SRP）和颗粒磷（PP）也展现良好的去除效果，但受离子交换作用不足的限制，NH+4-N去除率均值仅40%左右。锰砂因其金属矿物组分、表面形貌特征和以化学吸附为主导的吸附机制，对不同污染物均有较强的吸附能力。此外，锰砂能有效去除芳香族蛋白中的大分子物质，改善DOM组分，净化水质。试验表明锰砂具有规模化、广泛应用的前景。
    Abstract: The utilization of iron and manganese minerals in water purification has gained significant research attention recently， driven by the need for sustainable and cost-effective solutions to address water pollution. Their remarkable properties， such as potent ion exchange capabilities， excellent adsorption potential， and notable oxidation characteristics， make them highly promising matrix materials for water treatment. These minerals are not only abundant and eco-friendly but also exhibit unique physicochemical properties that enhance their effectiveness in removing contaminants from water systems. To thoroughly examine and compare the efficacy of iron and manganese minerals in removing nitrogen and phosphorus in constructed wetlands， sponge iron and manganese sand were selected as substrates for a series of adsorption experiments. The phase composition and surface morphology of these substrates were analyzed using X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The experiments showed that， under static conditions， both sponge iron and manganese sand exhibited superior adsorption effects on total phosphorus （TP） compared to ammonia nitrogen （NH+4-N）. The theoretical saturated adsorption capacity for TP was 587.38 mg/kg for sponge iron and 284.51 mg/kg for manganese sand， with a desorption rate of only around 10%. This low desorption rate suggests that the adsorbed phosphorus is unlikely to be released back into the water， making these materials highly effective for long-term phosphorus removal. In dynamic vertical flow tests， sponge iron effectively eliminated TP through a combination of adsorption and co-precipitation involving metal mineral components. Both soluble reactive phosphorus （SRP） and particulate phosphorus （PP） showed impressive removal efficiencies， demonstrating the versatility of sponge iron in targeting different forms of phosphorus. However， due to the lack of ion exchange mechanisms， the average removal rate for NH+4-N was only around 40%， indicating its limited effectiveness for nitrogen removal. In contrast， manganese sand， with its unique metal mineral composition， surface morphology， and chemical adsorption-dominated mechanism， exhibited strong adsorption capacity for various pollutants. The presence of manganese oxides facilitated redox reactions， crucial for degrading organic pollutants and removing heavy metals. Additionally， manganese sand was particularly effective in removing macromolecular substances in aromatic proteins， enhancing dissolved organic matter （DOM） components and significantly improving water quality. These findings strongly suggest that manganese sand holds great promise for extensive application in water treatment.
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  • 收稿日期:  2024-04-16
  • 录用日期:  2024-06-14
  • 修回日期:  2024-05-30
  • 网络出版日期:  2026-01-09

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