生物炭强化生物滤池对堆肥尾气中NH<sub>3</sub>去除效果及填料微生物群落变化

郭文袖; 程红胜; 沈玉君; 丁京涛; 张芸; 王黎明; 周海宾; 吴疆; 张迎

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202511010

生物炭强化生物滤池对堆肥尾气中NH₃去除效果及填料微生物群落变化

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511010

郭文袖^1,2,
程红胜^2,3,
沈玉君^2,3,
丁京涛^2,3,
张芸^2,3,
王黎明^1, ,,
周海宾^2,3,
吴疆^1,2,
张迎^2,3

1. 黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院, 黑龙江大庆 163319;
2. 农业农村部规划设计研究院农村能源与环保研究所, 北京 100125;
3. 农业农村部资源循环利用技术与模式重点实验室, 北京 100125

基金项目:

国家重点研发项目“农业废弃物资源化处理成套智能装备创制与应用”（2022YFD2002104-03）

详细信息

作者简介:
郭文袖（1998—），女，硕士，主要研究方向为农业废弃物资源化利用。1056982296@qq.com

通讯作者:
王黎明（1967—），女，博士，教授，主要研究方向为废弃物利用理论与技术研究。dljdxy@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-04
- 录用日期: 2024-04-30
- 修回日期: 2024-04-10
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Effectiveness of biochar-enhanced biofilter on removal of NH₃ from compost tail gas and changes of microbial community in its filler

GUO Wenxiu^1,2,
CHENG Hongsheng^2,3,
SHEN Yujun^2,3,
DING Jingtao^2,3,
ZHANG Yun^2,3,
WANG Liming^{1
, ,},
ZHOU Haibin^2,3,
WU Jiang^1,2,
ZHANG Ying^2,3

1. College of Engineering, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China;
2. Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection, Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Resource Recycling Technology and Model, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China

摘要

摘要: 目前恶臭污染已成为制约堆肥产业化的关键问题。为研究生物炭对生物滤池强化作用及其填料微生物群落变化，以堆肥尾气中NH₃为目标污染物，以竹子生物炭强化生物滤池为研究对象，开展了不同生物炭添加量（体积比分别为10%、20%以及不添加）、不同填料高度（20，40 cm）的生物滤池对NH₃去除效果的试验，深入分析了填料中NH⁺₄-N、NO^-₃-N、NO^-₂-N及微生物群落变化规律。研究结果表明：不同处理的生物滤池对NH₃的平均去除率均在92%以上。当生物炭含量为20%、填料高度为40 cm时，生物滤池的去除效果最佳，去除率为99.17%；并且，当生物炭含量为20%、填料高度为20，40 cm时，NH⁺₄-N更多地转化为NO^-₃-N、NO^-₂-N或其他化合物，其中NO^-₂-N含量在24 d时达到最高，分别为0.37，0.31 g/kg。生物群落分析表明：微生物多样性在生物炭添加量为20%的处理中最高。在高度为20，40 cm时，微生物多样性指数分别为4.42和4.34；Brumimicrobium、norank-f-MWH-CFBk5和norank-f-Fodinicurvataceae为通入NH₃后的优势菌属。因此，采用生物炭强化生物滤池处理NH₃有较好的应用前景。
- 生物炭 /
- 生物滤池 /
- NH₃ /
- 微生物
Abstract: At present， odor pollution has become a key problem restricting the industrialization of compost. Odor gas biological deodorization technology is widely used by most scholars for its advantages of high efficiency， no secondary pollution， good ecological safety， simple equipment， easy operation， relatively low cost， convenient maintenance and management. To study the enhancement effect of biochar on biofilter and the change of microbial community in its filler， this paper took NH₃ in compost tail gas as the target pollutant， and bamboo biochar enhanced biofilter as the research object， and carried out the experiments on NH₃ removing effect in biofilters with different additions of biochar （0%， 10%， 20% by volume ratio， respectively）， and with different heights （20， 40 cm）. The changes of NH⁺₄-N， NO^-₃-N， and microbial communities in the filler were analyzed in depth. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of NH₃ in biofilters with different treatments was higher than 92%. The best removal effect， 99.17%， was achieved in the biofilter when the biochar content was 20% and the packing height was 40 cm； NH⁺₄-N was more converted to NO^-₃-N， NO^-₂-N or other compounds when the biochar content was 20% and the packing height was 20 cm and 40 cm， among which NO^-₂-N content reached the highest level on the 24th day， which was respectively 0.37 g/kg， 0.31 g/kg. Biome analysis showed that microbial diversity was highest in the treatment with 20% biochar addition. The microbial diversity index was 4.42 and 4.34 at 20 cm and 40 cm heights， respectively； Brumimicrobium， norank-f-MWH-CFBk5， and norank-f-Fodinicurvataceae were the dominant fungi after the passage of NH₃ genera. Therefore， the use of biochar-enhanced biofilter for NH₃ treatment has a good application prospect.
- biochar /
- biological filter /
- NH₃ /
- microorganisms

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