杨木和秸秆木质素基生物炭的制备及其对铅的吸附性能研究

倪冰滢; 裴晓宇; 谢君; 樊美杉

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202511014

杨木和秸秆木质素基生物炭的制备及其对铅的吸附性能研究

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511014

1. 华南农业大学生物质工程研究院, 广州 510642;
2. 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室, 广州 510640

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（42407293）

详细信息

作者简介:
倪冰滢（2001—），女，研究生，主要研究方向为生物炼制。3123521039@qq.com

通讯作者:
谢君（1965—），男，教授，主要研究方向为生物质资源与利用。xiejun@scau.edu.cn；樊美杉（1994—），女，副教授，主要研究方向为生物质材料应用。fanmeishan@scau.edu.cn

谢君（1965—），男，教授，主要研究方向为生物质资源与利用。xiejun@scau.edu.cn；樊美杉（1994—），女，副教授，主要研究方向为生物质材料应用。fanmeishan@scau.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-24
- 录用日期: 2025-05-15
- 修回日期: 2025-04-29
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Preparation of lignin-based biochar from poplar and straw and its adsorption properties on Pb²⁺

1. Institute of Biomass Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China

摘要

摘要: 木质素基生物炭以其多功能性和环保性而闻名，但关于不同生物质来源的木质素基生物炭的结构特征与吸附效果之间关系的相关研究较少。主要对比分析了NaOH/乙醇预处理硬木（杨木木屑）和草本植物（小麦秸秆）后的粗木质素经过不同温度（350，550，750 ℃）和化学改性（KOH/壳聚糖）优化制备的生物炭对Pb²⁺吸附性能差异。结果表明：壳聚糖改性的小麦秸秆木质素基生物炭表现出优异的吸附性能，对Pb²⁺的吸附性能达到37.78 mg/g。其独特的结构特性，包括表面活性官能团［—OH、—C（O）NH—等］，使其具有优异的吸附能力。吸附动力学行为符合准二级动力学模型（化学吸附主导）和颗粒内扩散模型（两阶段扩散），等温吸附数据与Freundlich模型拟合最佳，表明化学络合与表面异质性共同调控吸附过程。这些发现为木质素的生物质来源对其衍生生物炭吸附性能的影响提供了理论参考。
- 预处理废液木质素 /
- 生物炭 /
- 改性 /
- 壳聚糖 /
- KOH /
- Pb²⁺
Abstract: Lignin-based biochar is renowned for its multifunctionality and environmental benefits. However， there is limited information on the intricate relationship between structural characteristics and the adsorption capacities of lignin-based biochar derived from different biomass sources. This study comparatively analyzed the Pb²⁺ adsorption performance of lignin-based biochar prepared from NaOH/ethanol-pretreated hardwoods （poplar woodchips） and herbaceous plants （wheat straw） at varying pyrolysis temperatures （350， 550， 750 ℃） and chemical modifications （KOH and chitosan）. Notably， chitosan-modified wheat straw lignin-based biochar demonstrated superior Pb²⁺ adsorption performance， achieving an adsorption capacity of 37.78 mg/g. Its unique structural properties， including active functional groups ［—OH， —C（O）NH—， etc.］ on the surface， contributed to this excellent adsorption capacity. The adsorption mechanism conformed to the quasi-second-order kinetics， indicating chemisorption was the dominant mechanism， while intraparticle diffusion occurred in two stages. Additionally， isothermal adsorption data were best described by the Freundlich model， suggesting that both chemical complexation and surface heterogeneity govern the adsorption process. These findings offer valuable insights into how the origin of lignin impacts the adsorption efficacy of its derived biochar.
- pretreatment waste liquid /
- biochar /
- modification /
- chitosan /
- KOH /
- Pb²⁺

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