微曝气条件下餐厨垃圾三相有机固渣在淋滤床中的水解酸化性能

刘晓吉; 李懿南; 谷艳芳; 尚斯源; 王志华; 张莹莹; 罗娟; 王勇群; 徐恒

doi:10.13205/j.hjgc.202511018

微曝气条件下餐厨垃圾三相有机固渣在淋滤床中的水解酸化性能

doi: 10.13205/j.hjgc.202511018

1. 中节能(肥西)环保能源有限公司, 合肥 231241;
2. 中国矿业大学(北京) 化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100083;
3. 清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084

基金项目:

合肥市关键共性技术研发“揭榜挂帅”项目（GJ2022SH12）；中节能（肥西）环保能源有限公司科技创新项目（Q/ZH3-SC011-A/0-2021）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘晓吉（1982—），男，博士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为有机固废处置与资源化利用。liuxiaoji1982@163.com

通讯作者:
徐恒（1988—），男，副教授，主要研究方向为有机废弃物资源化处理。xuheng@cumtb.edu.cn

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-04-07
- 录用日期: 2025-06-15
- 修回日期: 2025-05-25
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Hydrolytic and acidogenic performance of three-phase organic solid residue from food waste in leaching bed under micro-aeration conditions

1. CECEP (Feixi) WTE Co., Ltd., Hefei 231241, China;
2. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;
3. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

摘要

摘要: 基于餐厨垃圾三相有机固渣高湿高黏且水解速率较慢的特性，在添加膨胀剂并进行微量曝气的条件下，利用淋滤床反应器（LBR）对三相有机固渣进行单独水解酸化处理。结果表明：第14天时三相有机固渣的水解率和酸化率分别达到515.6，360.4 g/kg（以sCOD_SMP计）。乙酸与正丁酸占固渣酸化液可溶性代谢产物（SMPs）总量的60%~73%，氨氮和硝酸盐的峰值浓度分别为1300.5，98.8 mg/L，且未检测到亚硝酸盐氮积累。微生物群落分析表明，反应器中主要富集Firmicutes菌门，其相对丰度从接种污泥中的21%升至98.3%，其中Sporanaerobacter（26%）、Bacillus（29%）、Ureibacillus（16%）等菌属协同完成水解酸化。产甲烷性能测试显示，酸化液的甲烷转化率为85.1%，累积甲烷产量可达298 mL/g（每吨渣含CH₄约32 m³），证明了酸化液可直接用于后续产甲烷。该研究结果为三相有机固渣的高效甲烷化提供了新思路，有望提高现有餐厨垃圾厌氧处理工艺效率。
- 三相有机固渣 /
- 微曝气 /
- 淋滤床反应器 /
- 水解酸化 /
- 产甲烷
Abstract: Based on the high moisture， sticky nature， and slow hydrolysis rate of three-phase organic solid residue from food waste， this study employed a leach bed reactor （LBR） with an added bulking agent and micro-aeration to perform separate hydrolysis-acidification. The results showed that in 14 days， the hydrolysis and acidification rates reached 515.6 g sCOD/kg VS and 360.4 g sCOD_SMPs/kg VS， respectively. Acetic acid and butyric acid accounted for approximately 60% to 73% of the soluble metabolic products， while the peak concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate were 1300.5 mg/L and 98.8 mg/L， respectively， with no detectable nitrite nitrogen accumulation. Microbial community analysis indicated that Firmicutes was dominant， increasing from 21% in the inoculated sludge to 98.3%， with genera such as Sporanaerobacter （26%）， Bacillus （29%）， and Ureibacillus （16%） jointly contributing to hydrolysis-acidification. Methane production tests revealed that the acidification liquid achieved a methane conversion rate of 85.1%， yielding an accumulated methane production of 298 mL CH₄/g COD（approximately 32 m³ CH₄/t solid residue）， confirming its suitability for direct methanogenesis. This study offers a new strategy for high-rate methane production from three-phase organic solid residue， with potential to enhance the existing anaerobic digestion processes of food waste.
- three-phase organic solid residue /
- micro-aeration /
- leach bed reactor （LBR） /
- hydrolysis-acidification /
- methane production

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